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Ecological and practical significances of crop species preferential N uptake matching with soil N dynamics
被引:68
作者:
Zhang, Jinbo
[2
,3
]
Wang, Jing
[1
]
Mueller, Christoph
[5
,6
]
Cai, Zucong
[3
,4
]
机构:
[1] Nanjing Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
[2] Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog Informat Reso, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
[3] State Key Lab Cultivat Base Geog Environm Evolut, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
[4] Nanjing Normal Univ, Key Lab Virtual Geog Environm, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
[5] Univ Giessen, Dept Plant Ecol IFZ, Heinrich Buff Ring 26, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
[6] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Dublin, Ireland
基金:
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词:
Preferential N uptake;
Soil gross N transformation dynamics;
N use efficiency (NUE);
N loss;
N-15;
tracing;
PLANT NITROGEN ASSIMILATION;
SUBTROPICAL SOILS;
AMMONIUM;
NITRATE;
MECHANISMS;
CLIMATE;
GROWTH;
YIELD;
NITRIFICATION;
D O I:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.08.009
中图分类号:
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号:
0903 ;
090301 ;
摘要:
Nitrogen (N) transformation dynamics are often adapted to the prevailing climatic conditions and also in response to plant N uptake characteristics of species in natural ecosystems. Thus, the interplay between plant species preferential N uptake and soil N transformation characteristics is key to an optimized N use efficiency (NUE) and the understanding how N losses via denitrification, leaching or runoff can be minimized. However, despite the intimate connection between plant and soil N characteristics is well known, only a few quantitative studies are available that address these internal ecosystem connections on a mechanistic level. In this study, the N recoveries and N balances of cucumber, potato and rice, which differ in their preferential N-uptake, were investigated under different pH conditions (pH 4.9 and 7.8, respectively). N recoveries of applied N-15 either as nitrate or ammonium in plant and soil were determined and N losses were calculated by N-15 balance. The results indicate that not only the match of the applied dominant N form with the optimal preferential N-uptake of crop species, but also soil N transformation characteristics could significantly affect the recoveries and losses of applied N-15. Crops preferring ammonium took up more of the applied ammonium-N in the soil characterized by low N/M (nitrification rate/mineralization rate) ratios than in the soil with high N/M ratios. In contrast, crops preferring nitrate took up more applied ammonium-N in the soil with high N/M ratios than in the soil with low N/M ratios. A match exists between the applied N form with crop species preferential N uptake and that soil gross N transformation dynamics playing an important role in providing an essential support for the specific plant associated N use. It is the intimate connection between plant and soil N dynamics that is critical for an enhanced NUE with reduced N losses in monoculture agricultural systems. These observations can serve as a blueprint for the introduction of new crop species by taking into account site-specific soil and climatic conditions as well as known plant N-uptake characteristics. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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页码:63 / 70
页数:8
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