In vitro Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic Effect of Trigonella foenum graecum Leaves in Different Solvent Extracts

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose level resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Diabetes is considered as one of the most significant diseases in developed country. There are increasing incidences of diabetes every day and this indicate the need for treatment for it. The present study aims to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves in different solvent extracts in in vitro. The leaves were collected, dried and subjected to ethanol and petroleum ether extraction. The extracts were than subjected for in-vitro anti-diabetic activity assays such as Alpha-amylase inhibition assays, Non-enzymatic glycosylation of haemoglobin, and Glucose uptake in yeast cell and compared with their respective standards acarbose drug, ascorbic acid and metronidazole. The obtained result signifies that higher concentration of extracts possesses high effective anti-diabetic activity. The results of the work indicate that the both extracts of plant possessed considerable in vitro antidiabetic activity by inhibition of a-amylase, ethanol extract of plant shows maximum inhibition (73.4%) of glycosylation of haemoglobin, while extracts of T. foenum-graecum provide uptake of glucose by yeast cells which differ with the sample and glucose concentration, maximum increase in 5mM glucose concentration. Hence, from study it is concluded that Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves might be considered as herbal remedies for diabetes. However, the effect need to confirm using further anti-diabetic investigation and clinical trials for its effective utilization.