Analysis of meniscofemoral ligament tension during knee motion

Purpose: The goal of this study was to show a functional role for the meniscofemoral ligaments (MFL) by analyzing MFL tension change through the full range of flexion and extension found at the human knee joint. Methods: Ten fresh-frozen human knees containing both the anterior and posterior MFLs (aMFL and pMFL) were studied. An analysis of ligament tension during passive motion was undertaken using an isometric transducer. Results: The MFLs functioned in a nonisometric and reciprocal manner. The aMFL developed tension with flexion and the pMFL tension with extension. The aMFL tension increased with tibial external rotation compared with internal rotation. Combined MFL tension was greater in flexion (P < .001) and increased as the tibia was externally rotated (P = .008). Conclusions: The MFL tension changes identified through knee flexion and extension support the theory that the MFLs have a functional role in knee stability and protection. This warrants their consideration in the clinical management of meniscal and PCL injuries. Clinical Relevance: This cadaver study of the lateral MFLs indicates that the anterior and posterior portions work in a reciprocal manner with flexion and extension and supports the fact that these ligaments have a functional role in the human knee joint.