Implications to sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays from their arrival distribution

被引：25

作者：

Takami, Hajime ^{[1
]}

Sato, Katsuhiko ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Sch Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan

[2] Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Sch Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan

[3] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Chiba 2778582, Japan

来源：

ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS | 2009年 / 30卷 / 06期

关键词：

Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays; SMALL-SCALE ANISOTROPY; X-RAY; SPECTRUM; EMISSION; PROTONS; CATALOG; ORIGIN; SKY;

D O I：

10.1016/j.astropartphys.2008.10.004

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We estimate the local number density of sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) based on the statistical features of their arrival direction distribution. We calculate the arrival distributions of protons above 10(19) eV taking into account their propagation process in the Galactic magnetic field and a structured intergalactic magnetic field, and statistically compare those with the observational results of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The anisotropy in the arrival distribution at the highest energies enables us to estimate the number density of UHECR sources as similar to 10(-4) Mpc(-3) assuming the persistent activity of UHECR sources. We compare the estimated number density of UHECR sources with the number densities of known astrophysical objects. This estimated number density is consistent with the number density of Fanaroff-Reily I galaxies. We also discuss the reproducibility of the observed isotropy in the arrival distribution above 10(19) eV. We find that the estimated source model cannot reproduce the observed isotropy. However, the observed isotropy can be reproduced with the number density of 10(-2)-10(-3) Mpc(-3). This fact indicates the existence of UHECR sources with a maximum acceleration energy of similar to 10(19) eV whose number density is an order of magnitude more than that injecting the highest energy cosmic rays. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：306 / 311

页数：6

共 46 条

[1] First observation of the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin suppression [J].

Abbasi, R. U. ;

Abu-Zayyad, T. ;

Allen, M. ;

Amman, J. F. ;

Archbold, G. ;

Belov, K. ;

Belz, J. W. ;

Ben Zvi, S. Y. ;

Bergman, D. R. ;

Blake, S. A. ;

Brusova, O. A. ;

Burt, G. W. ;

Cannon, C. ;

Cao, Z. ;

Connolly, B. C. ;

Deng, W. ;

Fedorova, Y. ;

Finley, C. B. ;

Gray, R. C. ;

Hanlon, W. F. ;

Hoffman, C. M. ;

Holzscheiter, M. H. ;

Hughes, G. ;

Huentemeyer, P. ;

Jones, B. F. ;

Jui, C. C. H. ;

Kim, K. ;

Kirn, M. A. ;

Loh, E. C. ;

Maestas, M. M. ;

Manago, N. ;

Marek, L. J. ;

Martens, K. ;

Matthews, J. A. J. ;

Matthews, J. N. ;

Moore, S. A. ;

O'Neill, A. ;

Painter, C. A. ;

Perera, L. ;

Reil, K. ;

Riehle, R. ;

Roberts, M. ;

Rodriguez, D. ;

Sasaki, N. ;

Schnetzer, S. R. ;

Scott, L. M. ;

Sinnis, G. ;

Smith, J. D. ;

Sokolsky, P. ;

Song, C. .

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2008, 100 (10)

[2] Measurement of the flux of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays from monocular observations by the high resolution fly's eye experiment -: art. no. 151101 [J].

Abbasi, RU ;

Abu-Zayyad, T ;

Amann, JF ;

Archbold, G ;

Bellido, JA ;

Belov, K ;

Belz, JW ;

Bergman, DR ;

Cao, Z ;

Clay, RW ;

Cooper, MD ;

Dai, H ;

Dawson, BR ;

Everett, AA ;

Fedorova, YA ;

Girard, JHV ;

Gray, RC ;

Hanlon, WF ;

Hoffman, CM ;

Holzscheiter, MH ;

Hüntemeyer, P ;

Jones, BF ;

Jui, CCH ;

Kieda, DB ;

Kim, K ;

Kirn, MA ;

Loh, EC ;

Manago, N ;

Marek, LJ ;

Martens, K ;

Martin, G ;

Matthews, JAJ ;

Matthews, JN ;

Meyer, JR ;

Moore, SA ;

Morrison, P ;

Moosman, AN ;

Mumford, JR ;

Munro, MW ;

Painter, CA ;

Perera, L ;

Reil, K ;

Riehle, R ;

Roberts, M ;

Sarracino, JS ;

Sasaki, M ;

Schnetzer, SR ;

Shen, P ;

Simpson, KM ;

Sinnis, G .

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2004, 92 (15) :151101-1

[3] Study of small-scale anisotropy of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays observed in stereo by the High Resolution Fly's Eye detector [J].

Abbasi, RU ;

Abu-Zayyad, T ;

Amann, JF ;

Archbold, G ;

Atkins, R ;

Bellido, JA ;

Belov, K ;

Belz, JW ;

BenZvi, S ;

Bergman, DR ;

Boyer, JH ;

Burt, GW ;

Cao, Z ;

Clay, RW ;

Connolly, BM ;

Dawson, BR ;

Deng, W ;

Fedorova, Y ;

Findlay, J ;

Finley, CB ;

Hanlon, WF ;

Hoffman, CM ;

Holzscheiter, MH ;

Hughes, GA ;

Hüntemeyer, P ;

Jui, CCH ;

Kim, K ;

Kirn, MA ;

Knapp, BC ;

Loh, EC ;

Maestas, MM ;

Manago, N ;

Mannel, EJ ;

Marek, LJ ;

Martens, K ;

Matthews, JAJ ;

Matthews, JN ;

O'Neill, A ;

Painter, CA ;

Perera, L ;

Reil, K ;

Riehle, R ;

Roberts, MD ;

Sasaki, M ;

Schnetzer, SR ;

Seman, M ;

Simpson, KM ;

Sinnis, G ;

Smith, JD ;

Snow, R .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2004, 610 (02) :L73-L76

[4] Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with the positions of nearby active galactic nuclei [J].

Abraham, J. ;

Abreu, P. ;

Aglietta, M. ;

Aguirre, C. ;

Allard, D. ;

Allekotte, I. ;

Allen, J. ;

Allison, P. ;

Alvarez-Muniz, J. ;

Ambrosio, M. ;

Anchordoqui, L. ;

Andringa, S. ;

Anzalone, A. ;

Aramo, C. ;

Argiro, S. ;

Arisaka, K. ;

Armengaud, E. ;

Arneodo, F. ;

Arqueros, F. ;

Asch, T. ;

Asorey, H. ;

Assis, P. ;

Atulugama, B. S. ;

Aublin, J. ;

Ave, M. ;

Avila, G. ;

Baecker, T. ;

Badagnani, D. ;

Barbosa, A. F. ;

Barnhill, D. ;

Barroso, S. L. C. ;

Bauleo, P. ;

Beatty, J. J. ;

Beau, T. ;

Becker, B. R. ;

Becker, K. H. ;

Bellido, J. A. ;

BenZvi, S. ;

Berat, C. ;

Bergmann, T. ;

Bernardini, P. ;

Bertou, X. ;

Biermann, P. L. ;

Billoir, P. ;

Blanch-Bigas, O. ;

Blanco, F. ;

Blasi, P. ;

Bleve, C. ;

Bluemer, H. ;

Bohacova, M. .

ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2008, 29 (03) :188-204

[5] Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with nearby extragalactic objects [J].