Taurine attenuates liver autophagy and injury of offspring in gestational diabetic mellitus rats

Purpose: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has many adverse effects on offspring, such as abnormal glycolipid metabolism, obesity, insulin resistance, mental retardation, schizophrenia and so on. Methods: We established a GDM rat model by injecting 1% streptozotocin associated with a high-fat diet one week before pregnancy, and offspring rats were sacrificed at 8 weeks of age to obtain liver tissue for study. We used hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe liver morphological changes, Tunel staining for hepatocyte apoptosis, transmission electron microscope for liver ultrastructure, and western blot for protein expression in liver tissue. Results: Compared with normal offspring rats, hepatocytes of GDM offspring rats showed obvious edema, liver organ index increased, and hepatocyte apoptosis and autophagosome in the liver were significantly increased; Bax, cleaved-caspase3/caspase3, LCII, Beclin 1, P-IKB alpha/IKB alpha and P-p65/p6 protein expression in the liver were significantly increased; Bcl2, p62 and PPAR gamma protein expression in the liver were significantly decreased. Tau prevented the GDM-related effects in the offspring: Tau decreased hepatocyte edema (or even disappears), liver organ index, hepatocyte apoptosis and the number of autophagosomes in the liver. In addition, Tau also decreased Bax, cleaved-caspase3/caspase3, LCII, Beclin 1, P-IKB alpha/IKB alpha and P-p65/p6 protein expression, and increased Bcl2, p62 and PPAR gamma protein expression in the liver of GDM offspring rats. Conclusion: Taurine should be considered as a potential gestational nutritional supplement to prevent liver damage in GDM offspring.