Risk factors of preeclampsia in single pregnancy

Objectives. -Study of the clinical risk factors of preeclampsia during a single pregnancy. Materials and methods. - Retrospective case-control study during five years. Results. -One hundred and eighty-eight cases of preeclampsia have been studied, with 147 called severe (78.2%). We find as risk factors: primigestity (OR = 2.11; IC 95% [1.30-3.35]), primiparity (OR = 2.67; IC 95% [1.67-4.29]), primipaternity (OR = 3.55; IC 95% [2.13-5.83], maternal overweight (OR = 2.50; IC 95% [1.55-4.05]), personal history of preeclampsia (OR = 8.12; IC 95% [2.37-45.65]), personal history of hypertension (OR = 2.77; IC 95% [1.01-7.99]), familial history of preeclampsia (OR = 1.04; IC 95% [1.01-1.08]), familial history of hypertension at the first step (OR = 2.61; IC 95% [1.32-5.47]). Two elements have been found as protected: tobacco before pregnancy (OR = 0.51; IC 95% [0.36-0.85]), tobacco during pregnancy (OR = 0.52; IC 95% [0.30-0.92]). Conclusion. - Preeclampsia is responsable of a high maternal and fetal morbidity. The risk factors are widespread, the only use of them is not enough to determine the individual risk. A second step could be to determine if biological markers are better than clinical factors. (c) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS.