Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Properties Human Colon Cancer DLD1 Cell Line of Andrographolide Against

Background: In recent years, natural products have received great attention for cancer prevention owing to their various health benefits, noticeable lack of toxicity and side effects, and the limitations of chemotherapeutic agents. Andrographolide, a labdane diterpenoid is a principal bioactive constituent of Andrograp his paniculata Nees, exhibits significant anticancer activity. Objective: The efficacy of andrographolide on colon cancer cells is yet to be elucidated completely. Therefore, we investigated the anticancer efficiency of andrographolide in colon cancer DLD1 cell line Methods: Antiproliferative activity of andrographolide on DLD1 cells was evaluated by MTT assay, release assay, morphological analysis and colony forniation assay. Induction of apoptosis was determined by DAPI staining, Annexin V-FITC staining assay, and caspase-3 activation assay. Role of andrographolide induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its association with apoptosis induction in DLD1 cells was elucidated by DCFDA dye. Synergistic ability of andrographolide with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and paclitaxel (PTX) was evaluated by MTT assay. Results: Results of the present study indicated that andrographolide declined cell viability of DLD I cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Andrographolide induced apoptosis via nuclear condensation, phosphatidylserine externalization and caspase-3 activation. It also augmented cellular ROS levels which were in turn associated with apoptosis induction in DLD1 cells. Moreover, andrographolide displayed synergistic activity with 5-FU and PTX against DLDI cells. Conclusion: The present study showed that andrographolide demonstrated antiproliferative and apoptotic properties, moreover it also displayed synergistic effect with chemotherapeutic drugs in colon cancer DUD1 cells.