Chronic pain severely affects quality of life in more than half of people living with multiple sclerosis (MS). A commonly-used model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), typically presents with hindlimb paralysis, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. However, this paralysis may hinder the use of pain behavior tests, with no apparent hypersensitivity observed post-peak disease. We sought to adapt the classic actively-induced EAE model to optimize its pain phenotype. EAE was induced with MOG(35-55)/CFA and 100-600 ng pertussis toxin (PTX), and mice were assessed for mechanical, cold and thermal sensitivity over a 28-day period. Spinal cord tissue was collected at 14 and 28 days post-injection to assess demyelination and neuroinflammation. Only mice treated with 100 ng PTX exhibited mechanical hypersensitivity. Hallmarks of disease pathology, including demyelination, immune cell recruitment, cytokine expression, glial activation, and neuronal damage were higher in EAE mice induced with moderate (200 ng) doses of pertussis toxin, compared to those treated with low (100 ng) levels. Immunostaining demonstrated activated astrocytes and myeloid/microglial cells in both EAE groups. These results indicate that a lower severity of EAE disease may allow for the study of pain behaviors while still presenting with disease pathology. By using this modified model, researchers may better study the mechanisms underlying pain.
机构:
Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USAWashington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Piccio, Laura
Stark, Jennifer L.
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Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USAWashington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Stark, Jennifer L.
Cross, Anne H.
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Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Washington Univ, Sch Med, Hope Ctr Neurol Disorders, St Louis, MO 63110 USAWashington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
机构:
Univ Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
Scripps Res Inst, Dept Neurosci, Jupiter, FL 33458 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
Pryor, William M.
Freeman, Kimberly G.
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Univ Georgia, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Athens, GA 30602 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
Freeman, Kimberly G.
Larson, Rebecca D.
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Univ Oklahoma, Dept Hlth & Exercise Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
Larson, Rebecca D.
Edwards, Gaylen L.
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Univ Georgia, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Athens, GA 30602 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
Edwards, Gaylen L.
White, Lesley J.
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Univ Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
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Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
O'Sullivan, David
Green, Laura
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Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Green, Laura
Stone, Sarrabeth
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Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Stone, Sarrabeth
Zareie, Pirooz
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Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Zareie, Pirooz
Kharkrang, Marie
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Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Kharkrang, Marie
Fong, Dahna
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Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Fong, Dahna
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Connor, Bronwen
La Flamme, Anne Camille
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h-index: 0
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Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Malaghan Inst Med Res, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
机构:
Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USAWashington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Piccio, Laura
Stark, Jennifer L.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USAWashington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Stark, Jennifer L.
Cross, Anne H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Washington Univ, Sch Med, Hope Ctr Neurol Disorders, St Louis, MO 63110 USAWashington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
机构:
Univ Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
Scripps Res Inst, Dept Neurosci, Jupiter, FL 33458 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
Pryor, William M.
Freeman, Kimberly G.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Georgia, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Athens, GA 30602 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
Freeman, Kimberly G.
Larson, Rebecca D.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Oklahoma, Dept Hlth & Exercise Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
Larson, Rebecca D.
Edwards, Gaylen L.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Georgia, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Athens, GA 30602 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
Edwards, Gaylen L.
White, Lesley J.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Kinesiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
机构:
Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
O'Sullivan, David
Green, Laura
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h-index: 0
机构:
Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Green, Laura
Stone, Sarrabeth
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h-index: 0
机构:
Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Stone, Sarrabeth
Zareie, Pirooz
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h-index: 0
机构:
Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Zareie, Pirooz
Kharkrang, Marie
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h-index: 0
机构:
Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Kharkrang, Marie
Fong, Dahna
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h-index: 0
机构:
Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Fong, Dahna
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机构:
Connor, Bronwen
La Flamme, Anne Camille
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand
Malaghan Inst Med Res, Wellington, New ZealandVictoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand