The annual releases of polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) from 68 countries/regions were investigated by correlating quantitative emissions with economic status of the nations. The national dioxin/furan inventories were developed using the PCDD/PCDF Standardized Toolldt, which presents the quantitative releases from ten major source groups to five release vectors. The correlation between intensity of PCDDIPCDF release and economic status was discussed and the influence of economic status on composition of five release vectors and ten source groups was studied. As PCDD/PCDF are mainly released from human activities to environmental matrices, release per person (RpP) and release per unit area (RpA) are defined to reflect release burden (Donor) and contamination burden (Receptor), respectively. Based on these two concepts, International PCDD/PCDF Reduction Burden is characterized by burden quotient (BQ) and a calculation model is established. The numbers of countries/regions with high, moderate and low International PCDD/PCDF Reduction Burden were 19,31 and 18, respectively. The information in this paper can be used for politicians to develop legislations to improve International PCDD/PCDF Reduction. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Cao, Zhiguo
Liu, Jingling
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Liu, Jingling
Luan, Yun
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Luan, Yun
Li, Yongli
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Li, Yongli
Ma, Muyuan
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Ma, Muyuan
Xu, Jie
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Xu, Jie
Han, Shouliang
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Adm Luanhe Div Project, Tangshan 064300, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Cao, Zhiguo
Liu, Jingling
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Liu, Jingling
Luan, Yun
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Luan, Yun
Li, Yongli
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Li, Yongli
Ma, Muyuan
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Ma, Muyuan
Xu, Jie
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Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
Xu, Jie
Han, Shouliang
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Adm Luanhe Div Project, Tangshan 064300, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China