Clinical applications of spectral molecular imaging: potential and challenges

被引:57
作者
Anderson, Nigel G. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Butler, Anthony P. [1 ,2 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
[2] Univ Otago, Ctr Bioengn, Christchurch, New Zealand
[3] Royal Hobart Hosp, Hobart, Tas, Australia
[4] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand
[5] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, Phys Sect, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
关键词
PROSTATE-CANCER RECURRENCE; RAY COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; DUAL-ENERGY CT; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; HEPATIC STEATOSIS; INTRAPLAQUE HEMORRHAGE; SOLID TUMOR; IN-VITRO; LIVER;
D O I
10.1002/cmmi.1550
中图分类号
R8 [特种医学]; R445 [影像诊断学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100207 ; 1009 ;
摘要
Spectral molecular imaging is a new X-ray-based imaging technology providing highly specific 3D imaging at high spatial resolution that has the potential to measure disease activity and response to treatment noninvasively. The ability to identify and quantify components of tissue and biomarkers of disease activity derive from the properties of the photon-processing detector. Multiple narrow sections of the energy spectrum are sampled simultaneously, providing a range of energy dependent Hounsfield units. As each material has a specific measurable X-ray spectrum, spectroscopic imaging allows for multiple materials to be quantified and differentiated from each other simultaneously. The technology, currently in its infancy, is set to grow rapidly, much as magnetic resonance did. The critical clinical applications have not yet been established, but it is likely to play a major role in identifying and directing treatment for unstable atherosclerotic plaque, assessing activity and response to treatment of a range of inflammatory diseases, and monitoring biomarkers of cancer and its treatment. If combined with Positron-emission tomography (PET), spectral molecular imaging could have a far greater effective role in cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring than PET-CT does at present. It is currently used for small animal and specimen imaging. There are many challenges to be overcome before spectral imaging can be introduced into clinical medicine - these include technological improvements to detector design, bonding to the semiconductor layer, image reconstruction and display software, identifying which biomarkers are of most relevance to the disease in question, and accelerating drug discovery enabled by the new capabilities provided by spectral imaging. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
引用
收藏
页码:3 / 12
页数:10
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