The Joint Development of Traditional Bullying and Victimization With Cyber Bullying and Victimization in Adolescence

被引:83
作者
Jose, Paul E. [1 ]
Kljakovic, Moja [1 ]
Scheib, Emma [1 ]
Notter, Olivia [1 ]
机构
[1] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Psychol, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
关键词
MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS; SECONDARY-SCHOOL; YOUTH; HARASSMENT; VICTIMS; ADJUSTMENT; STABILITY; CHILDREN; BULLIES; IMPACT;
D O I
10.1111/j.1532-7795.2011.00764.x
中图分类号
D669 [社会生活与社会问题]; C913 [社会生活与社会问题];
学科分类号
1204 ;
摘要
The present study investigated the stabilities of and interrelationships among traditional (i.e., face-to-face) bullying, traditional victimhood, cyber bullying, and cyber victimhood among adolescents over time. About 1,700 adolescents aged 1116 similar to years at Time 1 self-reported levels of both bullying and victimization in four contexts (in school, outside of school, texting, and on-line) annually for 2 similar to years. Results indicated that all four dynamics were moderately stable over time. The following variables were found to bidirectionally reinforce and predict each other over time: traditional bullying and traditional victimization; traditional bullying and cyber bullying; and traditional victimization and cyber victimization. These results indicate that bullying and victimhood in both face-to-face and cyber-based interactions are related but not identical interpersonal dynamics.
引用
收藏
页码:301 / 309
页数:9
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