Membrane bioreactors for sustainable, fit-for-purpose greywater treatment: a critical review

被引:70
作者
Cecconet, Daniele [1 ]
Callegari, Arianna [1 ]
Hlavinek, Petr [2 ]
Capodaglio, Andrea G. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Pavia, Dept Civil Engn & Architecture, Via Adolfo Ferrata 3, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
[2] Brno Univ Technol, AdMaS Res Ctr, Fac Civil Engn, Veveri 331-95, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
关键词
Membrane bioreactor; Greywater; Decentralized wastewater management; Sustainability; Fit-for-purpose approach; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; BIOMASS CONCENTRATOR REACTOR; GREY WATER; MICROBIAL QUALITY; RECLAIMED WATER; REUSE; TECHNOLOGIES; RECLAMATION; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEMS;
D O I
10.1007/s10098-019-01679-z
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Water scarcity, increasing demand, and new paradigms in water management are gradually switching public perception and attitude toward wastewater. The actual term waste water is nowadays being gradually replaced by used water, and this is further declined in an array of sub-components, including greywater, depending on provenance. Greywater is increasingly seen as a resource to be recovered. Treated greywater can be used on site for different purposes: toilet flushing, non-food irrigation, fire protection, and others. For this, greywater needs to be treated to remove organic matter, surfactants, micropollutants, and microbial activity. Membrane bioreactors have proven able to provide a high-quality effluent, ensuring also an efficient removal of microorganisms; the technology can be applied in decentralized treatment due to its small footprint, but some issues about the economic investment and fouling phenomenon are still present. Applications and possible solutions to undetermined issues are herein discussed, with a particular stress on the fit-for-purpose approach for greywater treatment and reuse. [GRAPHICS] .
引用
收藏
页码:745 / 762
页数:18
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