Observation and simulation of thermal environment in a paddy field

This research studied thermal environment in paddy field which the main objective to evaluate it when the water was present in the field by means of observation and simulation. Heat exchange in soil and water, plant and atmosphere were calculated using a two-layer resistance model. The atmospheric boundary layers-thermal, humidity and wind velocity-were assumed horizontally uniform and were arranged in one-dimensional equations. The observed paddy field was located at Kyushu University Experimental Farm in Fukuoka, Japan. In the simulation, fix boundary conditions of wind velocity and humidity, and fluctuating boundary condition of temperature at 100 m height were used over the paddy field with the presence of 5 cm depth of water layer. The simulation was successful in estimating radiation, dissipation of heat fluxes, mechanism of atmospheric thermal changes and the temperature of leaf, air, and water. The results show that most of the available energy dissipates into latent heat, and less into sensible heat.