Petroleum Refinery Secondary Effluent Polishing Using Freezing Processes-Toxicity and Organic Contaminant Removal

被引：15
作者：
Gao, W. [1 ]
Smith, D. W. [2 ]
Habib, M. [2 ]
机构：
[1] Lakehead Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
[2] Univ Alberta, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Edmonton, AB, Canada
来源：
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH | 2008年 / 80卷 / 06期
关键词：
freezing treatment; refinery secondary effluent; Microtox toxicity; dissolved organic contaminants;
D O I：
10.2175/106143008X266814
中图分类号：
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号：
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要：
A petroleum refinery secondary effluent was treated using two freezing techniques-spray freezing and unidirectional downward freezing (UDF). The freezing processes were effective to remove toxicity and total organic carbon (TOC)-and chemical oxygen demand (COD)causing materials in the effluent. Agitation of the liquid during UDF significantly improved the impurity separation efficiency; 85 to 96% removal of TOC and COD was achieved without any pretreatment and freezing only 70% of the feed water. The treatment efficiency of the spray freezing was at the same level as that of UDF without mixing. The spray ice with longer storage time released more contaminants with early meltwater. The initial contaminant concentration of the feed water and the freezing temperatures (-10 degrees C and -25 degrees C) had no significant influence on the treatment efficiency. A small fluctuation in effluent TOC concentration caused a dramatic change in effluent toxicity (Microtox). The effective concentration (EC(20)) (Microtox) was effective in detecting effluent toxicity. Water Environ. Res., 80, 517 (2008).
引用
收藏
页码：517 / 523
页数：7
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