Concepts of epigenetics in prostate cancer development

被引：72

作者：

Cooper, C. S. ^{[1
]}

Foster, C. S. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Inst Canc Res, Male Urol Canc Res Ctr, Sutton SM2 5NG, Surrey, England

[2] Univ Liverpool, Div Cellular Pathol & Mol Genet, Liverpool L69 3GA, Merseyside, England

来源：

BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER | 2009年 / 100卷 / 02期

关键词：

epigenetic; prostate cancer; histone marks; DNA methylation; stem cells; small RNAs; DNA METHYLATION; PROMOTER METHYLATION; DOWN-REGULATION; HUMAN-CELLS; CPG ISLAND; GENE; HYPERMETHYLATION; PATTERNS; EZH2; RNA;

D O I：

10.1038/sj.bjc.6604771

中图分类号：

R73 [肿瘤学];

学科分类号：

100214 ;

摘要：

Substantial evidence now supports the view that epigenetic changes have a role in the development of human prostate cancer. Analyses of the patterns of epigenetic alteration are providing important insights into the origin of this disease and have identified specific alterations that may serve as useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Examination of cancer methylation patterns supports a stem cell origin of prostate cancer. It is well established that methylation of GSTpi is a marker of prostate cancer, and global patterns of histone marking appear to be linked to cancer prognosis with levels of acetylated histones H3K9, H3K18, and H4K12, and of dimethylated H4R3 and H3K4, dividing low-grade prostate cancer (Gleason 6 or less) into two prognostically separate groups. Elevated levels of several components of the polycomb group protein complex, EZH2, BMI1, and RING1, can also act as biomarkers of poor clinical outcome. Many components of the epigenetic machinery, including histone deacetylase (whose expression level is linked to the TMPRSS2: ERG translocation) and the histone methylase EZH2, are potential therapeutic targets. The recent discovery of the role of small RNAs in governing the epigenetic status of individual genes offers exciting new possibilities in therapeutics and chemoprevention.

引用

页码：240 / 245

页数：6

共 31 条

[1] The gene encoding the prostatic tumor suppressor PSP94 is a target for repression by the Polycomb group protein EZH2 [J].

Beke, L. ;

Nuytten, M. ;

Van Eynde, A. ;

Beullens, M. ;

Bollen, M. .

ONCOGENE, 2007, 26 (31) :4590-4595

[2] Down-regulation of human DAB2IP gene expression mediated by polycomb Ezh2 complex and histone deacetylase in prostate cancer [J].

Chen, H ;

Tu, SW ;

Hsieh, JT .

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 2005, 280 (23) :22437-22444

[3] Loss of acetylation at Lys16 and trimethylation at Lys20 of histone H4 is a common hallmark of human cancer [J].

Fraga, MF ;

Ballestar, E ;

Villar-Garea, A ;

Boix-Chornet, M ;

Espada, J ;

Schotta, G ;

Bonaldi, T ;

Haydon, C ;

Ropero, S ;

Petrie, K ;

Iyer, NG ;

Pérez-Rosado, A ;

Calvo, E ;

Lopez, JA ;

Cano, A ;

Calasanz, MJ ;

Colomer, D ;

Piris, MA ;

Ahn, N ;

Imhof, A ;

Caldas, C ;

Jenuwein, T ;

Esteller, M .

NATURE GENETICS, 2005, 37 (04) :391-400

[4] Epigenetic differences arise during the lifetime of monozygotic twins [J].

Fraga, MF ;

Ballestar, E ;

Paz, MF ;

Ropero, S ;

Setien, F ;

Ballestart, ML ;

Heine-Suñer, D ;

Cigudosa, JC ;

Urioste, M ;

Benitez, J ;

Boix-Chornet, M ;

Sanchez-Aguilera, A ;

Ling, C ;

Carlsson, E ;

Poulsen, P ;

Vaag, A ;

Stephan, Z ;

Spector, TD ;

Wu, YZ ;

Plass, C ;

Esteller, M .

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2005, 102 (30) :10604-10609

[5] HDACs, histone deacetylation and gene transcription:: from molecular biology to cancer therapeutics [J].

Gallinari, Paola ;

Di Marco, Stefania ;

Jones, Phillip ;

Pallaoro, Michele ;

Steinkuhler, Christian .

CELL RESEARCH, 2007, 17 (03) :195-211

[6] Tip60 is a haplo-insufficient tumour suppressor required for an oncogene-induced DNA damage response [J].

Gorrini, Chiara ;

Squatrito, Massimo ;

Luise, Chiara ;

Syed, Nelofer ;

Perna, Daniele ;

Wark, Landon ;

Martinato, Francesca ;

Sardella, Domenico ;

Verrecchia, Alessandro ;

Bennett, Samantha ;

Confalonieri, Stefano ;

Cesaroni, Matteo ;

Marchesi, Francesco ;

Gasco, Milena ;

Scanziani, Eugenio ;

Capra, Maria ;

Mai, Sabine ;

Nuciforo, Paolo ;

Crook, Tim ;

Lough, John ;

Amati, Bruno .

NATURE, 2007, 448 (7157) :1063-U12

[7] Promoter-associated RNA is required for RNA-directed transcriptional gene silencing in human cells [J].

Han, Jiang ;

Kim, Daniel ;

Morris, Kevin V. .

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2007, 104 (30) :12422-12427

[8] TMPRSS2 fusions with oncogenic ETS factors in prostate cancer involve unbalanced genomic rearrangements and are associated with HDAC1 and epigenetic reprogramming [J].

Iljin, Kristiina ;

Wolf, Maija ;

Edgren, Henrik ;

Gupta, Santosh ;

Kilpinen, Sami ;

Skotheim, Rolf I. ;

Peltola, Mari ;

Smit, Frank ;

Verhaegh, Gerald ;

Schalken, Jack ;

Nees, Matthias ;

Kallioniemi, Olli .

CANCER RESEARCH, 2006, 66 (21) :10242-10246

[9] Folate treatment and unbalanced methylation and changes of allelic expression induced by hyperhomocysteinaemia in patients with uraemia [J].

Ingrosso, D ;

Cimmino, A ;

Perna, AF ;

Masella, L ;

De Santo, NG ;

De Bonis, ML ;

Vacca, M ;

D'Esposito, M ;

D'Urso, M ;

Galletti, P ;

Zappia, V .

LANCET, 2003, 361 (9370) :1693-1699

[10] METHYLATION OF THE ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR CPG ISLAND LINKS AGING AND NEOPLASIA IN HUMAN COLON [J].

ISSA, JPJ ;

OTTAVIANO, YL ;

CELANO, P ;

HAMILTON, SR ;

DAVIDSON, NE ;

BAYLIN, SB .

NATURE GENETICS, 1994, 7 (04) :536-540

← 1 2 3 4 →