Holistic integration based on USN technology for monitoring safety during concrete placement

Concrete formwork is a temporary structure that provides for the configuration of permanent structures. Since concrete formwork is often exposed to concentrated loads, geological instability, etc., the structural body should be constantly monitored to maintain safety throughout the construction operation. The objective of this paper is to present a holistic integration environment for monitoring the safety of concrete formwork and increase safety during concrete placement. Based on USN technology, the holistic integration environment combines multiple ICT developments such as sensors, wireless networking, safety monitoring applications, and independent power supply. This holistic approach streamlines the transmission of the sensory data that are collected on the deformation of concrete formwork. A case study has been conducted on an actual concrete placement. The application in the case study demonstrates that a holistic integration environment can be used as an essential tool for safety improvement in the construction operation. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.