Peatlands;
Autogenic succession;
Allogenic processes;
Hydrology;
Geomorphology;
Sedimentation;
Ecosystem state shift;
Carbon cycling;
Ecosystem services;
Model systems;
CEDAR CREEK BOG;
SPHAGNUM BOGS;
POSTGLACIAL DEVELOPMENT;
PEATLAND DEVELOPMENT;
CARBON ACCUMULATION;
LANDSCAPE POSITION;
SOUTHERN ONTARIO;
METHANE FLUXES;
ARCTIC TUNDRA;
LAKE;
D O I:
10.1007/s13157-012-0324-6
中图分类号:
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号:
071012 ;
0713 ;
摘要:
Global climate change has raised important questions about ecosystem resilience and the likelihood of unexpected and potentially irreversible ecosystem state shifts. Conceptual models provide a framework for generating hypotheses about long-term ecosystem processes and their responses to external perturbations. In this article, we review the classic model of autogenic peatland encroachment into closed-basin kettle lakes (terrestrialization) as well as studies that document patterns of terrestrialization that are inconsistent with this hypothesis. We then present a new conceptual model of episodic, drought-triggered terrestrialization, which is consistent with existing data and provides a mechanism by which climatic variability could cause non-linear patterns of peatland development in these ecosystems. Next, we review data from comparative studies of kettle lakes along a peatland-development gradient to explore potential ecological and biogeochemical consequences of non-linear patterns of terrestrialization. Finally, we identify research approaches that could be used to test conceptual models of terrestrialization, investigate the ecological implications of non-linear patterns of peatland development, and improve our ability to predict responses of kettle systems to climate changes of the coming decades and century.
机构:
Stanford Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resources, Stanford, CA 94305 USAStanford Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resources, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
Brauman, Kate A.
;
Daily, Gretchen C.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Stanford Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resources, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
Daily, Gretchen C.
;
Duarte, T. Kaeo
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Stanford Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resources, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
Duarte, T. Kaeo
;
Mooney, Harold A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Stanford Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resources, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
机构:
Stanford Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resources, Stanford, CA 94305 USAStanford Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resources, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
Brauman, Kate A.
;
Daily, Gretchen C.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Stanford Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resources, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
Daily, Gretchen C.
;
Duarte, T. Kaeo
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Stanford Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resources, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
Duarte, T. Kaeo
;
Mooney, Harold A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:Stanford Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resources, Stanford, CA 94305 USA