Hyperdominance in the Amazonian Tree Flora

被引：945

作者：

ter Steege, Hans ^{[1
,2
]}

Pitman, Nigel C. A. ^{[3
,4
]}

Sabatier, Daniel ^{[5
]}

Baraloto, Christopher

Salomao, Rafael P. ^{[6
]}

Guevara, Juan Ernesto ^{[7
]}

Phillips, Oliver L. ^{[8
]}

Castilho, Carolina V. ^{[9
]}

Magnusson, William E. ^{[10
]}

Molino, Jean-Franois ^{[5
]}

Monteagudo, Abel ^{[11
]}

Nunez Vargas, Percy ^{[12
]}

Carlos Montero, Juan ^{[10
,13
]}

Feldpausch, Ted R. ^{[8
,14
]}

Coronado, Euridice N. Honorio ^{[8
,15
]}

Killeen, Tim J. ^{[16
]}

Mostacedo, Bonifacio ^{[17
]}

Vasquez, Rodolfo ^{[11
]}

Assis, Rafael L. ^{[10
,18
]}

Terborgh, John ^{[3
]}

Wittmann, Florian ^{[19
]}

Andrade, Ana ^{[20
]}

Laurance, William F. ^{[21
,22
]}

Laurance, Susan G. W. ^{[23
]}

Marimon, Beatriz S. ^{[23
]}

Marimon, Ben-Hur, Jr. ^{[23
]}

Guimaraes Vieira, Ima Celia ^{[24
]}

Amaral, Ieda Leao ^{[25
]}

Brienen, Roel ^{[8
]}

Castellanos, Hernan ^{[26
]}

Cardenas Lopez, Dairon ^{[27
]}

Duivenvoorden, Joost F. ^{[28
]}

Mogollon, Hugo F. ^{[29
]}

de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionizia ^{[10
]}

Davila, Nallarett ^{[30
]}

Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt ^{[31
,32
]}

Stevenson Diaz, Pablo Roberto ^{[33
]}

Costa, Flavia ^{[10
]}

Emilio, Thaise ^{[10
]}

Levis, Carolina ^{[10
]}

Schietti, Juliana ^{[10
]}

Souza, Priscila ^{[10
]}

Alonso, Alfonso ^{[34
]}

Dallmeier, Francisco ^{[34
]}

Duque Montoya, Alvaro Javier ^{[35
]}

Fernandez Piedade, Maria Teresa ^{[10
]}

Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro ^{[36
]}

Arroyo, Luzmila ^{[36
]}

Gribel, Rogerio ^{[37
]}

Fine, Paul V. A. ^{[7
]}

机构：

[1] Naturalis Biodivers Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands

[2] Univ Utrecht, Ecol & Biodivers Grp, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands

[3] Duke Univ, Ctr Trop Conservat, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA

[4] Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA

[5] Inst Dev Res, UMR Architecture Fonctionnement & Evolut Plantes, Montpellier, France

[6] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi Cordenadoria Bot, Minist Ciencia Tecnol & Inovacao, Belem, Para, Brazil

[7] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[8] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England

[9] Embrapa Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil

[10] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[11] Jardin Bot Missouri, Oxapampa, Peru

[12] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cuzco, Peru

[13] BOLFOR Bolivia Sustainable Forest Management Proj, Casilla 6204, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

[14] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England

[15] Inst Invest Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru

[16] WWF, Washington, DC 20037 USA

[17] Univ Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Fac Ciencias Agr, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

[18] Norwegian Univ Life Sci UMB, Dept Ecol & Nat Resource Management, As, Norway

[19] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany

[20] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Projeto Dinam Biol Fragmentos Florestais, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[21] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci TESS, Cairns, Qld, Australia

[22] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld, Australia

[23] Univ Estado Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil

[24] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belem, Para, Brazil

[25] INPA, Projeto TEAM Trop Ecol Assessment & Monitoring Ma, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

[26] Univ Nacl Expt Guayana, Puerto Ordaz, Bolivar, Venezuela

[27] SINCHI Inst Amazon Invest Cient, Bogota, Colombia

[28] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

[29] Endangered Species Coalit, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA

[30] Univ Estadual Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil

[31] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Mol Plant Sci, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, Midlothian, Scotland

[32] Royal Bot Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Midlothian, Scotland

[33] Univ Los Andes, Lab Ecol Bosques Trop & Primatol, Bogota, DF, Colombia

[34] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA

[35] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Ciencias Forest, Sede Medellin, Colombia

[36] Museo Hist Nat Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

[37] Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[38] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England

[39] Univ Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Inst Boliviano Invest Forestal, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

[40] Univ Cent Ecuador, Herbario Alfredo Paredes QAP, Quito, Ecuador

[41] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA

[42] La Rech Agron Dev CIRAD, UMR Ecofog, Kourou, French Guiana

[43] Commiss European Communities, Land Resource & Management Unit, Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy

[44] New York Bot Garden, Bronx, NY 10458 USA

[45] Univ Estatal Amaz, Puyo, Ecuador

[46] Univ Fed Acre, Museu Univ, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil

[47] Serv Biodiversidad EIRL, Iquitos, Peru

[48] CNRS, F-31000 Toulouse, France

[49] Univ Toulouse 3, UMR EDB 5174, F-31000 Toulouse, France

[50] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2013年 / 342卷 / 6156期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 巴西圣保罗研究基金会; 欧洲研究理事会; 英国自然环境研究理事会;

关键词：

SPECIES ABUNDANCE; RAIN-FOREST; PATTERNS; DIVERSIFICATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; DIVERSITY; RARITY; GENUS; SIZE;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1243092

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The vast extent of the Amazon Basin has historically restricted the study of its tree communities to the local and regional scales. Here, we provide empirical data on the commonness, rarity, and richness of lowland tree species across the entire Amazon Basin and Guiana Shield (Amazonia), collected in 1170 tree plots in all major forest types. Extrapolations suggest that Amazonia harbors roughly 16,000 tree species, of which just 227 (1.4%) account for half of all trees. Most of these are habitat specialists and only dominant in one or two regions of the basin. We discuss some implications of the finding that a small group of species-less diverse than the North American tree flora-accounts for half of the world's most diverse tree community.

引用

页码：325 / +

页数：10

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