Expendable Graphite as an Efficient Flame-Retardant for Novel Partial Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foams

被引:14
作者
de Souza, Felipe M. [1 ]
Choi, Jonghyun [1 ]
Bhoyate, Sanket [2 ]
Kahol, Pawan K. [3 ]
Gupta, Ram K. [1 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Chem, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA
[2] Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA
[3] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA
[4] Pittsburg State Univ, Kansas Polymer Res Ctr, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA
来源
C-JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH | 2020年 / 6卷 / 02期
关键词
flammability; flame-retardant polyurethane foams; bio-polyol; expandable graphite; EXPANDABLE GRAPHITE; ALUMINUM-HYDROXIDE; CLICK CHEMISTRY; SOYBEAN OIL; POLYOL; PHOSPHORUS;
D O I
10.3390/c6020027
中图分类号
T [工业技术];
学科分类号
08 ;
摘要
The rigid polyurethane foam (PU) is a versatile material, used especially for construction and household applications. The current situation demands a facile, cost-efficient, and greener approach for developing the polyurethanes from bio-derived materials. In this study, we present a novel bio-polyol synthesized using carvone, an extract from caraway, spearmint, or dill seeds via facile thiol-ene reaction. Our one-step reaction uses a UV irradiation to allow the room temperature conversion of the carvone to a high purity bio-polyol, as confirmed from the standard analytical characterizations. The hydroxyl number of 365 mg KOH/g close to its theoretical limit confirms the high conversion yield of the polyol for rigid PU synthesis. To overcome the flammability issues in PU, expandable graphite (EG) powder was used as an additive flame-retardant during the synthesis step. The resulting foams with EG maintained the uniform closed cell structure (>95%) with a high compression strength of 175 kPa. The addition of EG in PU results in the formation of a protective char layer during the flammability test and reduces the weight loss from 40.70% to 3.55% and burning time from 87 to 11 s. Our results confirm that the carvone-based polyol can be a novel alternative to the petroleum polyols for an industrial-scale application.
引用
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页数:13
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