Development of Bi2WO6 and Bi2O3 - ZnO heterostructure for enhanced photocatalytic mineralization of Bisphenol A

Present study proposed the synthesis of mixed p-type and n-type nanocomposite heterostructures by co-precipitation method. The as-synthesized heterostructures were characterized through different characterization techniques. The as-synthesized Bi2WO6 and Bi2O3 - ZnO heterostructures were tested as photocatalysts during the photodegradation of BPA. The Bi2O3 - ZnO heterostructure nanocomposite was found as a more effective photocatalyst than Bi2WO6. The effect of operating parameters including catalytic dose (0.02-0.15 gL(-1)), initial BPA concentration (5-20 mgL(-1)), temperature change (5-20 degrees C) and solution pH changes (4, 5, 7, and 8) were evaluated with Bi2O3 - ZnO under UV-light irradiation by selecting a 300 W Xe lamp. More than 90% BPA was degraded with 0.15 gL(-1) Bi2O3 - ZnO keeping 1.0 mM H2O2 _concentration fixed in 250 mL of reaction suspension. The HPLC and GC-MS were used to detect the reaction intermediates and final products. A plausible degradation pathway was proposed on the basis of the identification of reaction intermediates. Repeatability test analysis confirmed that the as-synthesized catalyst showed superb catalytic performance on its removal trend. The kinetics of degradation of BPA were well fitted by the power laws model. With the order of reaction being 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.3 for different operating parameters, i.e., catalyst dose, initial pH, temperature, and initial BPA concentration.