What has happened to the US labor movement? Union decline and renewal

被引:138
作者
Clawson, D [1 ]
Clawson, MA
机构
[1] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Sociol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
[2] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Sociol, Middletown, CT 06459 USA
关键词
trade unions; labor organizing; AFL-CIO; employer anti-union offensive; labor movement future;
D O I
10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.95
中图分类号
C91 [社会学];
学科分类号
030301 ; 1204 ;
摘要
For many years, US trade unions declined in union density, organizing capacity, level of strike activity, and political effectiveness. Labor's decline is variously attributed to demographic factors, inaction by unions themselves, the state and legal system, globalization, neoliberalism, and the employer offensive that ended a labor-capital accord. The AFL-CIO New Voice leadership elected in 1995, headed by John Sweeney, seeks to reverse these trends and transform the labor movement. Innovative organizing, emphasizing the use of rank-and-file intensive tactics, substantially increases union success; variants include union building, immigrant organizing, feminist approaches, and industry-wide non-National Labor Relations Board (or nonboard) organizing. The labor movement must also deal with participatory management or employee involvement programs, while experimenting with new forms, including occupational unionism, community organizing, and strengthened alliances with other social movements.
引用
收藏
页码:95 / 119
页数:25
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