Analysis of the clinical efficacy and safety of computerized tomography-guided 125 I seed implantation in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer that relapsed after chemoradiotherapy

Purpose: The purpose is to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of computerized tomography (CT)-guided I-125 seed implantation in the treatment of recurrent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after chemoradiotherapy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 30 recurrent NSCLC patients in our institute from January 2016 to June 2020. According to the preoperative Treatment planning system plan, CT was used to guide I-125 seed implantation into 30 evaluable lesions in the lungs. Clinical response rate, quality of life score, and adverse reactions were observed at postoperative follow-up. Results: The postoperative follow-up duration was 13 (1-24) months, of which the disease control rate at months one, three, and six were 96.67%, 93.1%, 85.18%, respectively and the objective response rate was 53.33%, 48.27%, and 48.14%, respectively. The postoperative 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 76.66% (23/30) and 53.33% (16/30), respectively. Median overall survival was 18 (1-24) months. The postoperative 1-year and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 63.33% (19/30) and 40% (12/30), respectively. The median PFS was 14.5 (1-24) months. Adverse reactions include radiation-related pulmonary reactions in four patients (13.33%); skin reactions in four patients (13.33%); radiation-related esophageal reactions in two patients (6.67%), and leukopenia in three patients (10%). Other radiation-related adverse reactions did not occur. Conclusion: We conclude that I-125 seed implantation is an effective and safe treatment for recurrent NSCLC.