The importance of problem formulations in risk assessment: A case study involving dioxin-contaminated soil

被引:3
作者
Dourson, Michael L. [1 ]
Gadagbui, Bernard [1 ]
Griffin, Susan [2 ]
Garabrant, David H. [3 ]
Haws, Laurie C. [4 ]
Kirman, Christopher [5 ]
Tohyamaf, Chiharu [6 ]
机构
[1] Toxicol Excellence Risk Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45211 USA
[2] US EPA Reg 8, Denver, CO USA
[3] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[4] ToxStrategies Inc, Austin, TX USA
[5] Summit Toxicol LLP, Orange, OH USA
[6] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Med, Ctr Dis Biol & Integrat Med, Environm Hlth Sci Lab, Tokyo 1138654, Japan
关键词
Problem formulation; Risk assessment; Exposure assessment; Dioxin; Soil exposure; EXPOSURE; TCDD; DERIVATION;
D O I
10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.03.010
中图分类号
DF [法律]; D9 [法律]; R [医药、卫生];
学科分类号
0301 ; 10 ;
摘要
The need to remediate contaminated soils is typically accomplished by applying standard risk assessment methods followed by risk management to select remedial options. These human health risk assessments (HHRAs) have been largely conducted in a formulaic manner that relies heavily on standard deterministic exposure, toxicity assumptions and fixed mathematical formulas. The HHRA approach, with its traditional formulaic practice, does not take advantage of problem formulation in the same manner as is done in ecological risk assessment, and historically, has generally failed to emphasize incorporation of site-specific information. In response to these challenges, the National Academy of Sciences recently made several recommendations regarding the conduct of HHRAs, one of which was to begin all such assessments with problem formulation. These recommendations have since been extended to dose response assessment. In accordance with these recommendations, a group of experts presented and discussed findings that highlighted the importance and impact of including problem formulation when determining the need for remediation of dioxin contamination in soils, focusing in particular on exposure assessment is described. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:208 / 216
页数:9
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