Recent progress on core-shell structured BaTiO3@polymer/fluorinated polymers nanocomposites for high energy storage: Synthesis, dielectric properties and applications

This review aims at updating various studies to design BaTiO3@polymer/Fluoropolymer nanocomposites, to study their properties and performances and to supply their applications. Dielectric nanocomposite materials with high energy density exhibit promising performances for energy storage applications. Major efforts have been performed to combine the efficient properties and high dielectric constant of ceramics with the flexibility and easy processing of polymers. Actually, the dielectric properties of the nanocomposite are influenced by the dielectric features of both ceramic and polymer. Thus, the choice of the two components become crucial in turning the desired properties. Another important factor is the modification strategy to get such nanocomposites, where the major routes are the "grafting from", "grafting onto" and melt process while most fluoropolymers studied are polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), VDF containing-copolymers and terpolymers and poly(acrylates) bearing fluoroalkyl side groups. Additionally, fluorinated silanes have also been involved in sol-gel chemistry to decorate BaTiO3 surface, as well as tetrafluorophthalic acid or fluorinated dopamine did. This review also summaries the current state of high energy density nanocomposites based on BaTiO3 as a ceramic nanofiller and fluoropolymer as matrix.