Probabilistic analysis and ghost-stochastic resonance of a hybrid energy harvester under Gaussian White noise

In this present work, a hybrid energy scavenger using two mechanisms of transduction namely piezoelectric and electromagnetic and subjected to the Gaussian white noise is investigated. The stochastic averaging method is used here in other to construct the Fokker-Plank-Kolmogorov equation of the system whose the statistic response in the stationary state is the probability density. The mean square voltage and current are obtained for different value of white noise intensities as the output power generated by piezoelectric circuit and electromagnetic circuit. In addition, combining the Gaussian white noise and coherence excitation, the Ghost-Stochastic resonance is observed through the mean residence time and improve the amount of energy harvested by the scavenger. The agreement between the analytical method and those obtained numerically validates the effectiveness of analytical investigations. The results obtained in this manuscript reveal that, while the natural frequency is absent in the external coherent force, the amount of energy harvested by the energy scavenging device can be improved for certain value of noise intensity.