HIV testing practices as reported by HIV-infected patients in four European countries

被引:9
作者
Deblonde, Jessika [1 ]
Hamers, Franoise F. [2 ]
Callens, Steven [3 ]
Lucas, Raquel [4 ]
Barros, Henrique [4 ]
Ruutel, Kristi [5 ]
Hemminki, Elina [6 ]
Temmerman, Marleen [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Ghent, Int Ctr Reprod Hlth, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
[2] Haute Autorite Sante, Dept Econ & Publ Hlth Evaluat, La Plaine St Denis, France
[3] Ghent Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med Infect Dis & Psychosomat Med, Ghent, Belgium
[4] Univ Porto, Sch Med, Inst Publ Hlth, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal
[5] Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Tallinn, Estonia
[6] Natl Hlth & Welf Inst, Helsinki, Finland
来源
AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV | 2014年 / 26卷 / 04期
关键词
HIV infection; testing; Europe; late diagnosis; barriers; prevention; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; TRANSMISSION; INITIATION; REASONS; IMPROVE; MEN; SEX;
D O I
10.1080/09540121.2013.841831
中图分类号
R19 [保健组织与事业(卫生事业管理)];
学科分类号
摘要
HIV testing constitutes an important strategy to control the HIV epidemic, which therefore merits an observation of HIV testing practices to help improve testing effectiveness. In 2008, a cross-sectional survey among recently diagnosed ( 3 years) HIV-infected patients was conducted in Belgium, Estonia, Finland and Portugal. Participants were questioned about reasons for HIV testing, testing place and testing conditions. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Out of 1460 eligible participants, 629 (43%) were included. Forty-one per cent were diagnosed late and 55% had never undergone a previous HIV test with perceived low risk being the primary reason for not having been tested earlier. Heterogeneity in HIV testing practices was observed across countries. Overall, tests were most frequently conducted in primary care (38%) and specialised clinics (21%), primarily on the initiative of the health care provider (65%). Sixty-one per cent were tested with informed consent, 31% received pretest counselling, 78% received post-test counselling, 71% were involved in partner notification and 92% were in care three months after diagnosis. The results showed that HIV testing is done in a variety of settings suggesting that multiple pathways to HIV testing are provided. HIV testing practice is being normalised, with less focus on pretest counselling, yet with emphasis on post-test follow-up. Major barriers to testing are centred on the denial of risk. Efforts are needed to concurrently promote public awareness about HIV risk and benefits of HIV testing and train clinicians to be more proactive in offering HIV testing.
引用
收藏
页码:487 / 496
页数:10
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