Jejunum: The understudied meeting place of dietary lipids and the microbiota
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作者:
Lema, Ingrid
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Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Ctr Rech St Antoine, CRSA,UMR S 938, F-75012 Paris, France
PSL Univ, EPHE, F-75014 Paris, FranceSorbonne Univ, INSERM, Ctr Rech St Antoine, CRSA,UMR S 938, F-75012 Paris, France
Lema, Ingrid
[1
,2
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Araujo, Joao Ricardo
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机构:
NOVA Univ Lisbon, NOVA Med Sch, Nutr & Metab, Lisbon, Portugal
Ctr Hlth Technol Serv Res CINTESIS, Oporto, PortugalSorbonne Univ, INSERM, Ctr Rech St Antoine, CRSA,UMR S 938, F-75012 Paris, France
Araujo, Joao Ricardo
[3
,4
]
Rolhion, Nathalie
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Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Ctr Rech St Antoine, CRSA,UMR S 938, F-75012 Paris, FranceSorbonne Univ, INSERM, Ctr Rech St Antoine, CRSA,UMR S 938, F-75012 Paris, France
Rolhion, Nathalie
[1
]
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机构:
Demignot, Sylvie
[1
,2
]
机构:
[1] Sorbonne Univ, INSERM, Ctr Rech St Antoine, CRSA,UMR S 938, F-75012 Paris, France
[2] PSL Univ, EPHE, F-75014 Paris, France
[3] NOVA Univ Lisbon, NOVA Med Sch, Nutr & Metab, Lisbon, Portugal
[4] Ctr Hlth Technol Serv Res CINTESIS, Oporto, Portugal
Although the jejunum is the main intestinal compartment responsible for lipid digestion and absorption, most of the studies assessing the impact of dietary lipids on the intestinal microbiota have been performed in the ileum, colon and faeces. This lack of interest in the jejunum is due to the much lower number of microbes present in this intestinal region and to the difficulty in accessing its lumen, which requires invasive methods. Recently, several recent publications highlighted that the whole jejunal microbiota or specific bacterial members are able to modulate lipid absorption and metabolism in enterocytes. This information reveals new strategies in the development of bacterial- and metabolite-based therapeutic interventions or nutraceutical recommendations to treat or prevent metabolic-related disorders, including obesity, cardiovascular diseases and malnutrition. This review is strictly focused on the following triad: dietary lipids, the jejunal epithelium and the jejunal microbiota. First, we will describe each member of the triad: the structure and functions of the jejunum, the composition of the jejunal microbiota, and dietary lipid handling by enterocytes and by microorganisms. Then, we will present the mechanisms leading to lipid malabsorption in small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), a disease in which the jejunal microbiota is altered and which highlights the strong interactions among this triad. We will finally review the recent literature about the interactions among members of the triad, which should encourage research teams to further explore the mechanisms by which specific microbial strains or metabolites, alone or in concert, can mediate, control or modulate lipid absorption in the jejunum. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. and Societe Francaise de Biochimie et Biologie Moleculaire (SFBBM). All rights reserved.
机构:
Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Manchester Sch Art, Fac Arts & Humanities, Oxford Rd, Manchester M15 6BH, Lancs, EnglandNottingham Trent Univ, Sch Art & Design, Burton St, Nottingham NG1 4BU, England