Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism With the Risk of Nephrolithiasis

This study aimed to explore the relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and the risk of nephrolithiasis. All relevant trials were searched from multiple databases according to predefined criteria, the pooled OR and corresponding 95% CI were analyzed using Stata software. Seventeen studies involving 2441 cases and 2296 controls were included. The pooled analysis showed that VDR BsmI, FokI, and ApaI gene polymorphisms were not associated with nephrolithiasis susceptibility either in Asian and in Caucasians populations. VDR TaqI gene polymorphism was associated with nephrolithiasis in the overall populations (T vs. t: OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73-0.95, P = 0.006; TT vs. Tt + tt: OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66-0.95, P = 0.010). In Asian population, VDR TaqI gene polymorphism also was associated with nephrolithiasis susceptibility (TT vs. Tt + tt: OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55-0.93, P = 0.012; Tt vs. TT + tt: OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.00-2.05, P = 0.048). But TaqI gene polymorphism was not associated with nephrolithiasis risk in Caucasian populations (T vs. t: OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.72-1.00, P = 0.051; TT vs. Tt + tt: OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.68-1.10, P = 0.245; tt vs. Tt + TT: OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 0.86-2.01, P = 0.206; Tt vs. TT+ tt: OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.70-1.38, P = 0.931). VDR BsmI, FokI, and ApaI gene polymorphisms were not associated with the risk of nephrolithiasis either in Asian and Caucasians populations, but VDR TaqI gene polymorphism was associated with nephrolithiasis in the Asian subjects.