Biosynthesis of ZrO2 for ZrO2@Ag-S-CH2COOH as the retrievable catalyst for the one-pot green synthesis of pyrazoline derivatives and their anticancer evaluation

In the present work, Ficus benghalensis leaf extract was used for the synthesis of ZrO2 nanoparticles. Further, ZrO2@Ag-S-CH2-COOH was synthesized using biosynthesized ZrO2, and its catalytic potential was examined in the synthesis of pyrazoline from reaction of chalcone and hydrazine hydrate at room temperature. The structural conformation of ZrO2@Ag-S-CH2-COOH has been done using FT-IR, SEM, EDX, XRD, TGA-TDA, XPS, and DLS techniques, high turnover number (TON), and high turnover frequency. The ZrO2@Ag-S-CH2-COOH demonstrated outstanding catalytic activity for the synthesis of pyrazolines. The structures of the pyrazoline derivatives were confirmed by FT-IR, H-1 and C-13 NMR, and mass spectrometry techniques. Synthesized pyrazoline were tested for anticancer activity against human lung cancer cell line A549 study and confirmed by molecular docking investigations.