Biometry and spectral domain optical coherence tomography parameters in children with large cupping

The purpose of this study is to investigate optic nerve head using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in children with large cupping. 111 eyes (4-10 years) were divided into three groups according to the cup to disc ratio: group 1, a parts per thousand currency sign0.3; group 2, 0.4-0.6; and group 3, a parts per thousand yen0.7. The rim area, disc area, average cup to disc ratio, vertical cup to disc ratio, and cup volume were investigated using SD-OCT (Cirrus HD-OCT, Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany), and the axial length and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were measured by IOL master (IOL master 500, Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany). Next, we compared ocular biometry and SD-OCT between the three groups. The mean age of group1 was 6.48 +/- 1.42 years, 7.00 +/- 1.75 years in group 2, and 6.63 +/- 1.82 years in group 3 (p = 0.370). A significant difference was seen in the spherical equivalent between the groups (p = 0.001). Group 2 had the most myopic refractive errors. As the cup to disc ratio increases, disc area, average cup to disc ratio, vertical cup to disc ratio, and cup volume increase significantly. When the results of ocular biometry and SD-OCT are adjusted for axial length, only disc area showed a significant correlation with cup to disc ratio (ACD: p = 0.473, rim area: p = 0.639, disc area: p = 0.005, and cup volume: p = 0.325). Axial length is the key factor determining disc size, which in turn is important for determining cup to disc ratio. Normal children with large cupping should be examined for axial length, myopic refractive errors, and disc size.