What is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a clinically defined syndrome characterized by age-inappropriate limitations in sustained attention, usually associated with impulsivity and overactivity. It is highly prevalent, has substantial personal and societal impact, and is frequently associated with other developmental and psychiatric disorders. Genetics plays an important role in the origin of ADHD, but environmental factors also are likely to be important in its expression. Background information about the evolving scientific understanding of ADHD is important for the pediatrician, who often plays a central role in identification, coordination, and evaluation of treatment services.