Deep and abyssal ocean warming from 35years of repeat hydrography

被引：116

作者：

Desbruyeres, Damien G. ^{[1
]}

Purkey, Sarah G. ^{[2
,3
]}

McDonagh, Elaine L. ^{[1
]}

Johnson, Gregory C. ^{[4
]}

King, Brian A. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England

[2] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, New York, NY USA

[3] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

[4] NOAA Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA

来源：

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS | 2016年 / 43卷 / 19期

基金：

美国海洋和大气管理局;

关键词：

repeat hydrography; ocean heat content; GO-SHIP; HEAT UPTAKE; ATLANTIC;

D O I：

10.1002/2016GL070413

中图分类号：

P [天文学、地球科学];

学科分类号：

07 ;

摘要：

Global and regional ocean warming deeper than 2000m is investigated using 35years of sustained repeat hydrographic survey data starting in 1981. The global long-term temperature trend below 2000m, representing the time period 1991-2010, is equivalent to a mean heat flux of 0.065 0.040Wm(-2) applied over the Earth's surface area. The strongest warming rates are found in the abyssal layer (4000-6000m), which contributes to one third of the total heat uptake with the largest contribution from the Southern and Pacific Oceans. A similar regional pattern is found in the deep layer (2000-4000m), which explains the remaining two thirds of the total heat uptake yet with larger uncertainties. The global average warming rate did not change within uncertainties pre-2000 versus post-2000, whereas ocean average warming rates decreased in the Pacific and Indian Oceans and increased in the Atlantic and Southern Oceans.

引用

页码：10356 / 10365

页数：10

共 26 条

[1] A REVIEW OF GLOBAL OCEAN TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS: IMPLICATIONS FOR OCEAN HEAT CONTENT ESTIMATES AND CLIMATE CHANGE [J].

Abraham, J. P. ;

Baringer, M. ;

Bindoff, N. L. ;

Boyer, T. ;

Cheng, L. J. ;

Church, J. A. ;

Conroy, J. L. ;

Domingues, C. M. ;

Fasullo, J. T. ;

Gilson, J. ;

Goni, G. ;

Good, S. A. ;

Gorman, J. M. ;

Gouretski, V. ;

Ishii, M. ;

Johnson, G. C. ;

Kizu, S. ;

Lyman, J. M. ;

Macdonald, A. M. ;

Minkowycz, W. J. ;

Moffitt, S. E. ;

Palmer, M. D. ;

Piola, A. R. ;

Reseghetti, F. ;

Schuckmann, K. ;

Trenberth, K. E. ;

Velicogna, I. ;

Willis, J. K. .

REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS, 2013, 51 (03) :450-483

[2]

[Anonymous], 2001, ENCY OCEAN SCI, DOI DOI 10.1006/RWOS.2001.0006

[3]

Boyer T. P., 2013, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 72, VTechnical Ed., P209, DOI 10.7289/V5NZ85MT

[4] Varying planetary heat sink led to global-warming slowdown and acceleration [J].

Chen, Xianyao ;

Tung, Ka-Kit .

SCIENCE, 2014, 345 (6199) :897-903

[5]

Church J. A., 2013, CLIMATE CHANGE 2013, P1535

[6] Full-depth temperature trends in the northeastern Atlantic through the early 21st century [J].

Desbruyeres, D. G. ;

McDonagh, E. L. ;

King, B. A. ;

Garry, F. K. ;

Blaker, A. T. ;

Moat, B. I. ;

Mercier, H. .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2014, 41 (22) :7971-7979

[7] Observational Advances in Estimates of Oceanic Heating [J].

Desbruyeres, Damien ;

McDonagh, Elaine L. ;

King, Brian A. .

CURRENT CLIMATE CHANGE REPORTS, 2016, 2 (03) :127-134

[8] Making sense of the early-2000s warming slowdown [J].

Fyfe, John C. ;

Meehl, Gerald A. ;

England, Matthew H. ;

Mann, Michael E. ;

Santer, Benjamin D. ;

Flato, Gregory M. ;

Hawkins, Ed ;

Gillett, Nathan P. ;

Xie, Shang-Ping ;

Kosaka, Yu ;

Swart, Neil C. .

NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE, 2016, 6 (03) :224-228

[9]

Gleckler PJ, 2016, NAT CLIM CHANGE, V6, P394, DOI [10.1038/NCLIMATE2915, 10.1038/nclimate2915]

[10]

Hood E., 2010, 14 IOCCP

← 1 2 3 →