Evaluation of optical coherence tomography to discriminate lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract

BackgroundThis study evaluated the capability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to differentiate premalignant and early malignant lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT). MethodsAn OCT screening was performed in 52 healthy volunteers. Epithelial thicknesses on 38 OCT images and histopathological slides were correlated. One hundred primary lesions were rated via OCT concerning invasiveness by an unblinded investigator, then biopsied, and the results correlated. All OCT images were evaluated by 3 blinded investigators. Forty-eight images underwent retrospective image analysis. ResultsScreening showed large differences concerning epithelial thicknesses, but good correlation ( = 0.63) between OCT and histopathological slides. In the unblinded evaluation, noninvasive and invasive lesions could be distinguished with a sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 89.0% whereas the blinded evaluations led to sensitivities of 100%, 66.7%, and 77.8% and specificities of 75.8%, 71.4%, and 70.3%. The difference of mean intraepithelial intensity reductions in dysplasias (38.7%) and hyperplasias (18.9%) was statistically significant. ConclusionOCT complements visual inspection for differentiating UADT-lesions. Head Neck, 35: 1558-1566, 2013