Enhancing the capacity of DS-CDMA system using hybrid spreading sequences

A new direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system using hybrid spreading sequences in order to increase system capacity is proposed. This scheme permits accommodating more than N users, where N is the processing gain of the spreading sequences. Users are divided into two classes. The centerpiece idea is to synchronously assign N mutually orthogonal codes to class-1 users, and asynchronously assign quasi-orthogonal codes to class-2 users. The proposed architecture is realized through the DS-CDMA and multicode CDMA (MC-CDMA) techniques for class-1 and class-2 users, respectively, and the system capacity is considerably enhanced as compared with Sari et al.. The new approach still excels over Vanhaverbeke et al. when the number of class-1 users K, is large; but our desire is to expand system capacity. Compared with Sari et al. and Vanhaverbeke et al., the new design is able to support multirate applications, and is especially suitable for high-speed multimedia transmissions. Furthermore, the performance of the MC-CDMA system over an additive white Gaussian noise channel is evaluated for various primary codes and mutually orthogonal subcodes. It is shown that orthogonal Gold codes concatenated with Hadamard sequences yield the lowest bit-error rate when the signal-to-noise ratio lies between 0 and 30 dB.