Arsenic Exposure and Effects in Humans: A Mini-Review in Brazil

被引:23
作者
Meneguelli de Souza, Annaliza Carvalho [1 ]
de Almeida, Marcelo Gomes [1 ]
Pestana, Inacio Abreu [1 ]
Magalhaes de Souza, Cristina Maria [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Estadual Norte Fluminense, Ctr Biociencias & Biotecnol, Lab Ciencias Ambientais, Ave Alberto Lamego,2000 Horto, BR-28015620 Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
关键词
PARANAGUA ESTUARINE COMPLEX; WEST-BENGAL; DRINKING-WATER; HEAVY-METALS; SURFACE WATERS; GROUNDWATER; SEDIMENTS; CONTAMINATION; SPECIATION; MOBILITY;
D O I
10.1007/s00244-018-00586-6
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Arsenic (As) is widely studied in several countries due to its toxicity to biota in the environment. Arsenic sources may be natural or anthropogenic, and the mobility of the element is ruled by physicochemical conditions that also define the dominant As species in the environment. Arsenic levels are evaluated in various abiotic and biotic environmental samples. The highest As levels are observed in sediment, from where it may be mobilized into the aquifers. This article reviews studies about As in the world but with emphasis on studies performed in Brazil, a country where continental water bodies are a common geographic feature. We reviewed 64 studies published between 1985 and 2016. The results indicate that in recent years more studies have been conducted to determine As levels in foods and human samples as a tool to evaluate the exposure of populations and identify potential sources. In Brazil, the main problems associated with contamination with As are the use of wood preservatives and herbicides as well as the impact caused by mining. Also, the precarious character of sewage treatment systems contributes to the contamination of water bodies.
引用
收藏
页码:357 / 365
页数:9
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