EVOLUTION OF THE ORTHODOX PILGRIM'S IMAGE IN RUSSIAN PRESS OF THE SECOND HALF OF 19TH CENTURY

The paper touches upon different aspects of the establishing of orthodox pilgrim's image in the press of 1860-1917. Basing on data obtained the author looks at the main streaks of the pilgrim's image and evolution of its different aspects. Given that history of the orthodox pilgrim's practice has been introduced in the history and culturology realm only recently, we have not many researches in this field. According to the pilgrim's movement statistical data, mentioning of pilgrims in periodical issues and different serial visual productions (as review's illustrations and photo-postcards) the paper highlights the similarities and contradictions between pilgrim's image created in social conscience and real figures of the pilgrims: who orthodox pilgrims really were by and large; which was the evolution of pilgrim's memoirs genre; who were readers and creators of this memoirs; what was the attitude of society toward pilgrims and strangers (stranniks). The paper also addresses the issue of emergence of the orthodox tourism, as the product of orthodox pilgrimage popularization. For the first time the paper brings about the issue of the pilgrimage reception in society of the 2nd half of 19th c., the perceptions of pilgrims in Russian society of this period and of possible contradictions, which appeared when confronting real situation with image molding in social conscience.