The impact of ecotourism on ecosystem functioning along main rivers and tributaries: Implications for management and policy changes

被引:29
作者
Arif, Muhammad [1 ,2 ]
Behzad, Hamid M. [3 ,4 ]
Tahir, Muhammad [5 ]
Li, Changxiao [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Southwest Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Ecoenvironm Three Gorges Reservoir Reg, Minist Educ, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China
[2] Southwest Univ, Acad Adv Interdisciplinary Studies, Biol Sci Res Ctr, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China
[3] Southwest Univ, Chongqing Key Lab Karst Environm, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China
[4] Southwest Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China
[5] HOT Microfluid GmbH, D-38640 Goslar, Germany
关键词
Environmental management; Sustainable tourism; River planning; Plant cover; Recreational activities; Riparian zone; TOURISM DEVELOPMENT; SERVICES; LANDSCAPES;
D O I
10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115849
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Tourism along river basins benefits both tourists and the economy, but its management necessitates trade-offs between nature-based recreation and ecological functioning. Despite ecosystem services being helpful in man-aging environmental challenges, there are limited data on the impact of tourism activities on ecosystem func-tioning across different river types globally. This study investigates how people's recreational activities and values affect ecosystem functioning in high-order rivers. The original field data were collected from 308 transects along the main river and tributaries of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir in China during 2019. Kruskal-Wallis tests (p < 0.01) revealed that the ecosystem functioning indices were significantly higher than the recrea-tional activity and value indices around the rivers and that ecosystem functioning was highest around tributaries. The critical variables of ecotourism activities and ecosystem functioning identified by principal component analysis accounted for 66.49% of the total variance. The Pearson correlation coefficient strengths among tourism and ecosystem functioning parameters were correlated mildly to moderately, but they exhibited positive and negative connections with a range of r =-0.27 to 0.37 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the distribution patterns of these parameters that were determined by hierarchical cluster analysis were diverse for both the main river and its tributaries. The findings suggest that the development and enforcement of zoning may be necessary for the long-term use of natural resources by all sectors of society. Therefore, it is imperative to raise public awareness and urge governments to adopt more progressive ecotourism policies.
引用
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页数:11
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