RELICS: A Very Large (θE ∼ 40") Cluster Lens-RXC J0032.1+1808

被引：14

作者：

Acebron, Ana ^{[1
]}

Zitrin, Adi ^{[1
]}

Coe, Dan ^{[2
]}

Mahler, Guillaume ^{[3
]}

Sharon, Keren ^{[3
]}

Oguri, Masamune ^{[4
,5
,6
]}

Bradac, Marusa ^{[7
]}

Bradley, Larry D. ^{[2
]}

Frye, Brenda ^{[8
]}

Forman, Christine J. ^{[9
]}

Strait, Victoria ^{[7
]}

Su, Yuanyuan ^{[10
]}

Umetsu, Keiichi ^{[11
]}

Andrade-Santos, Felipe ^{[9
]}

Avila, Roberto J. ^{[2
]}

Carrasco, Daniela ^{[12
]}

Cerny, Catherine ^{[13
,14
]}

Czakon, Nicole G. ^{[11
]}

Dawson, William A. ^{[15
]}

Fox, Carter ^{[3
]}

Hoag, Austin T. ^{[7
]}

Huang, Kuang-Han ^{[7
]}

Johnson, Traci L. ^{[3
]}

Kikuchihara, Shotaro ^{[16
,17
]}

Lam, Daniel ^{[18
]}

Lovisari, Lorenzo ^{[9
]}

Mainali, Ramesh ^{[8
]}

Nonino, Mario ^{[19
]}

Oesch, Pascal A. ^{[20
]}

Ogaz, Sara ^{[2
]}

Ouchi, Masami ^{[6
,16
]}

Past, Matthew ^{[3
]}

Paterno-Mahler, Rachel ^{[3
]}

Peterson, Avery ^{[3
]}

Ryan, Russell E. ^{[2
]}

Salmon, Brett ^{[2
]}

Stark, Daniel P. ^{[8
]}

Toft, Sune ^{[21
,22
]}

Trenti, Michele ^{[12
,23
]}

Vulcani, Benedetta ^{[24
]}

Welch, Brian ^{[25
]}

机构：

[1] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Phys Dept, POB 653, IL-8410501 Beer Sheva, Israel

[2] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[3] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 1085 South Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[4] Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Tokyo 1130033, Japan

[5] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan

[6] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe Kavli IPMU WPI, Chiba 2778582, Japan

[7] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[8] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Steward Observ, 933 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[9] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[10] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, 505 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40506 USA

[11] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys ASIAA, 1,Sect 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan

[12] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia

[13] Boston Univ, Astron Dept, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA

[14] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA

[15] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808 L-210, Livermore, CA 94551 USA

[16] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan

[17] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan

[18] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands

[19] INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy

[20] Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, Chemin Maillettes 51, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

[21] Cosm Dawn Ctr Dawn, Copenhagen, Denmark

[22] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Lyngbyvej 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

[23] Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys 3 Dimens ASTRO 3, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[24] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy

[25] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 North Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2020年 / 898卷 / 01期

基金：

澳大利亚研究理事会; 新加坡国家研究基金会;

关键词：

Strong gravitational lensing; Galaxy clusters; MASSIVE GALAXY CLUSTERS; EINSTEIN RADIUS; COSMIC VARIANCE; FIELDS; MACS; DISTRIBUTIONS; FLUCTUATIONS; ARCS;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4357/ab929d

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Extensive surveys with the Hubble Space Telescope over the past decade, targeting some of the most massive clusters in the sky, have uncovered dozens of galaxy cluster strong lenses. The massive cluster strong-lens scale is typically(E) similar to 10 '' to similar to 30 ''-35 '', with only a handful of clusters known with Einstein radii(E) similar to 40 '' or above (forz(source) = 2, nominally). Here we report another very large cluster lens, RXC J0032.1+1808 (z = 0.3956), the second-richest cluster in the redMapper cluster catalog and the 85th most massive cluster in the Planck Sunyaev-Zel'dovich catalog. With our light-traces-mass and fully parametric approaches, we construct strong-lensing models based on 18 multiple images of five background galaxies newly identified in the Hubble data, mainly from the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS), in addition to a known sextuply imaged system in this cluster. Furthermore, we compare these models to Lenstool and GLAFIC models that were produced independently as part of the RELICS program. All models reveal a large effective Einstein radius of(E) 40 '' (z(source) = 2), owing to the obvious concentration of substructures near the cluster center. Although RXC J0032.1+1808 has a very large critical area and high lensing strength, only three magnified high-redshift candidates are found within the field targeted by RELICS. Nevertheless, we expect many more high-redshift candidates will be seen in wider and deeper observations with Hubble or the James Webb Space Telescope. Finally, the comparison between several algorithms demonstrates that the total error budget is largely dominated by systematic uncertainties.

引用

页数：16

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