Macrophage reactive oxygen species activity of water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions of ambient coarse, PM2.5 and ultrafine particulate matter (PM) in Los Angeles

被引：101
作者：
Wang, Dongbin [1 ]
Pakbin, Payam [1 ]
Shafer, Martin M. [2 ,3 ]
Antkiewicz, Dagmara [2 ,3 ]
Schauer, James J. [2 ,3 ]
Sioutas, Constantinos [1 ]
机构：
[1] Univ So Calif, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA
[2] Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Madison, WI USA
[3] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA
来源：
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT | 2013年 / 77卷
基金：
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词：
Particulate matter; VACES/BioSampler system; Water-soluble components; Water-insoluble components; ROS activity; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; ENRICHMENT SYSTEM VACES; HUMIC-LIKE SUBSTANCES; SIMULTANEOUS IN-VIVO; REDOX ACTIVITY; AIR-POLLUTION; CHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES; TRANSITION-METALS; OXIDATIVE STRESS;
D O I：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.031
中图分类号：
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号：
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要：
This study describes an investigation of the relative contributions of water-soluble and water-insoluble portions of ambient particulate matter (PM) to cellular redox activity. Size-fractionated ambient PM samples (coarse, PM2.5 and ultrafine PM) were collected in August September of 2012 at an urban site in Los Angeles, using the Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System (VACES)/BioSampler tandem system. In this system, size-fractionated ambient PM was concentrated and collected directly into an aqueous suspension, thereby eliminating the need for solvent extraction required for PM collected on filter substrates. Separation of water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions of PM was achieved by 10 kilo-Delton ultra-filtration of the collected suspension slurries. Chemical analysis, including organic carbon, metals and trace elements, and inorganic ions, as well as measurement of macrophage reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity were performed on the slurries. Correlation between ROS activity and different chemical components of PM was evaluated to identify the main drivers of PM toxicity. Results from this study illustrate that both water-soluble and water-insoluble portions of PM play important roles in influencing potential cellular toxicity. While the water-soluble species contribute the large majority of the ROS activity per volume of sampled air, the highest intrinsic ROS activity (i.e. expressed per PM mass) is observed for the water-insoluble portions. Organic compounds in both water-soluble and water-insoluble portions of ambient PM, as well as transition metals, several with recognized redox activity (Mn, V, Cu and Zn), are highly correlated with ROS activity. These results may underscore the potential of these chemicals in driving the toxicity of ambient PM. Results from this study also suggest that collection of particles directly into a liquid suspension for toxicological analysis may be superior to conventional filtration by eliminating the need for extraction and by potentially reducing the losses of semi-volatile and redox active species such as organic compounds. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码：301 / 310
页数：10
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