A TIGHT CONNECTION BETWEEN GAMMA-RAY OUTBURSTS AND PARSEC-SCALE JET ACTIVITY IN THE QUASAR 3C 454.3

被引：173

作者：

Jorstad, Svetlana G. ^{[1
,2
]}

Marscher, Alan P. ^{[1
]}

Smith, Paul S. ^{[3
]}

Larionov, Valeri M. ^{[2
,4
,5
]}

Agudo, Ivan ^{[1
,6
]}

Gurwell, Mark ^{[7
]}

Wehrle, Ann E. ^{[8
]}

Lahteenmaki, Anne ^{[9
]}

Nikolashvili, Maria G. ^{[10
]}

Schmidt, Gary D. ^{[11
]}

Arkharov, Arkady A. ^{[4
]}

Blinov, Dmitry A. ^{[2
]}

Blumenthal, Kelly ^{[1
]}

Casadio, Carolina ^{[6
]}

Chigladze, Revaz A. ^{[10
]}

Efimova, Natalia V. ^{[2
,4
]}

Eggen, Joseph R. ^{[12
]}

Gomez, Jose L. ^{[6
]}

Grupe, Dirk ^{[13
]}

Hagen-Thorn, Vladimir A. ^{[2
,5
]}

Joshi, Manasvita ^{[1
]}

Kimeridze, Givi N. ^{[10
]}

Konstantinova, Tatiana S. ^{[2
]}

Kopatskaya, Evgenia N. ^{[2
]}

Kurtanidze, Omar M. ^{[10
]}

Kurtanidze, Sofia O. ^{[10
]}

Larionova, Elena G. ^{[2
]}

Larionova, Liudmilla V. ^{[2
]}

Sigua, Lorand A. ^{[10
]}

MacDonald, Nicholas R. ^{[1
]}

Maune, Jeremy D. ^{[12
]}

McHardy, Ian M. ^{[14
]}

Miller, H. Richard ^{[12
]}

Molina, Sol N. ^{[6
]}

Morozova, Daria A. ^{[2
]}

Scott, Terri ^{[1
]}

Taylor, Brian W. ^{[1
,15
]}

Tornikoski, Merja ^{[9
]}

Troitsky, Ivan S. ^{[2
]}

Thum, Clemens ^{[16
]}

Walker, Gary ^{[17
]}

Williamson, Karen E. ^{[1
]}

Sallum, Stephanie ^{[17
,18
]}

Consiglio, Santina ^{[17
,19
]}

Strelnitski, Vladimir ^{[17
]}

机构：

[1] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA

[2] St Petersburg State Univ, Astron Inst, St Petersburg 198504, Russia

[3] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[4] RAS, Main Pulkovo Astron Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia

[5] Isaac Newton Inst Chile, St Petersburg Branch, St Petersburg, Russia

[6] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain

[7] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[8] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA

[9] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Metsahovintie 114, FIN-02540 Kylmala, Finland

[10] Abastumani Astrophys Observ, Mt Kanobili, Abastumani, Georgia

[11] Natl Sci Fdn, Arlington, VA 22230 USA

[12] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA

[13] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[14] Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England

[15] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA

[16] IRAM, E-18012 Granada, Spain

[17] Maria Mitchell Observ, Nantucket, MA 02554 USA

[18] MIT, EAPS, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[19] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA USA

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2013年 / 773卷 / 02期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 芬兰科学院; 英国科学技术设施理事会;

关键词：

galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; quasars: individual (3C 454.3); techniques: interferometric; techniques: photometric; techniques: polarimetric; SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL LACERTAE; POLARIMETRIC OBSERVATIONS; RELATIVISTIC JETS; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; RADIO POLARIZATION; HIGH-FREQUENCIES; TEV VARIABILITY; COMPLETE SAMPLE;

D O I：

10.1088/0004-637X/773/2/147

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We analyze the multi-frequency behavior of the quasar 3C 454.3 during three prominent gamma-ray outbursts: 2009 Autumn, 2010 Spring, and 2010 Autumn. The data reveal a repeating pattern, including a triple flare structure, in the properties of each gamma-ray outburst, which implies similar mechanism(s) and location for all three events. The multi-frequency behavior indicates that the lower frequency events are co-spatial with the gamma-ray outbursts, although the gamma-ray emission varies on the shortest timescales. We determine that the variability from UV to IR wavelengths during an outburst results from a single synchrotron component whose properties do not change significantly over the different outbursts. Despite a general increase in the degree of optical linear polarization during an outburst, the polarization drops significantly at the peak of the gamma-ray event, which suggests that both shocks and turbulent processes are involved. We detect two disturbances (knots) with superluminal apparent speeds in the parsec-scale jet associated with the outbursts in 2009 Autumn and 2010 Autumn. The kinematic properties of the knots can explain the difference in amplitudes of the gamma-ray events, while their millimeter-wave polarization is related to the optical polarization during the outbursts. We interpret the multi-frequency behavior within models involving either a system of standing conical shocks or magnetic reconnection events located in the parsec-scale millimeter-wave core of the jet. We argue that gamma-ray outbursts with variability timescales as short as similar to 3 hr can occur on parsec scales if flares take place in localized regions such as turbulent cells.

引用

页数：27

共 94 条

[1] FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF THE GAMMA-RAY OUTBURST FROM 3C454.3 IN NOVEMBER 2010 [J].

Abdo, A. A. ;

Ackermann, M. ;

Ajello, M. ;

Allafort, A. ;

Baldini, L. ;

Ballet, J. ;

Barbiellini, G. ;

Bastieri, D. ;

Bellazzini, R. ;

Berenji, B. ;

Blandford, R. D. ;

Bloom, E. D. ;

Bonamente, E. ;

Borgland, A. W. ;

Bouvier, A. ;

Bregeon, J. ;

Brigida, M. ;

Bruel, P. ;

Buehler, R. ;

Buson, S. ;

Caliandro, G. A. ;

Cameron, R. A. ;

Caraveo, P. A. ;

Casandjian, J. M. ;

Cavazzuti, E. ;

Cecchi, C. ;

Charles, E. ;

Chekhtman, A. ;

Cheung, C. C. ;

Chiang, J. ;

Ciprini, S. ;

Claus, R. ;

Conrad, J. ;

Cutini, S. ;

D'Ammando, F. ;

de Angelis, A. ;

de Palma, F. ;

Dermer, C. D. ;

Digel, S. W. ;

do Couto e Silva, E. ;

Drell, P. S. ;

Dubois, R. ;

Dumora, D. ;

Escande, L. ;

Favuzzi, C. ;

Fegan, S. J. ;

Ferrara, E. C. ;

Fortin, P. ;

Fukazawa, Y. ;

Fusco, P. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2011, 733 (02)

[2] FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF GAMMA-RAY OUTBURSTS FROM 3C 454.3 IN 2009 DECEMBER AND 2010 APRIL [J].

Ackermann, M. ;

Ajello, M. ;

Baldini, L. ;

Ballet, J. ;

Barbiellini, G. ;

Bastieri, D. ;

Bechtol, K. ;

Bellazzini, R. ;

Berenji, B. ;

Blandford, R. D. ;

Bonamente, E. ;

Borgland, A. W. ;

Bregeon, J. ;

Brigida, M. ;

Bruel, P. ;

Buehler, R. ;

Burnett, T. H. ;

Buson, S. ;

Caliandro, G. A. ;

Cameron, R. A. ;

Caraveo, P. A. ;

Carrigan, S. ;

Casandjian, J. M. ;

Cavazzuti, E. ;

Cecchi, C. ;

Celik, Oe ;

Chekhtman, A. ;

Cheung, C. C. ;

Chiang, J. ;

Ciprini, S. ;

Claus, R. ;

Cohen-Tanugi, J. ;

Corbel, S. ;

Cutini, S. ;

D'Ammando, F. ;

Dermer, C. D. ;

de Angelis, A. ;

de Palma, F. ;

Digel, S. W. ;

do Couto e Silva, E. ;

Drell, P. S. ;

Dubois, R. ;

Dumora, D. ;

Escande, L. ;

Favuzzi, C. ;

Fegan, S. J. ;

Ferrara, E. C. ;

Fuhrmann, L. ;

Fukazawa, Y. ;

Fusco, P. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2010, 721 (02) :1383-1396

[3] A 3.5 mm POLARIMETRIC SURVEY OF RADIO-LOUD ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI [J].

Agudo, I. ;

Thum, C. ;

Wiesemeyer, H. ;

Krichbaum, T. P. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2010, 189 (01) :1-14

[4] ON THE LOCATION OF THE γ-RAY OUTBURST EMISSION IN THE BL LACERTAE OBJECT AO 0235+164 THROUGH OBSERVATIONS ACROSS THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM [J].

Agudo, Ivan ;

Marscher, Alan P. ;

Jorstad, Svetlana G. ;

Larionov, Valeri M. ;

Gomez, Jose L. ;

Lahteenmaki, Anne ;

Smith, Paul S. ;

Nilsson, Kari ;

Readhead, Anthony C. S. ;

Aller, Margo F. ;

Heidt, Jochen ;

Gurwell, Mark ;

Thum, Clemens ;

Wehrle, Ann E. ;

Nikolashvili, Maria G. ;

Aller, Hugh D. ;

Benitez, Erika ;

Blinov, Dmitriy A. ;

Hagen-Thorn, Vladimir A. ;

Hiriart, David ;

Jannuzi, Buell T. ;

Joshi, Manasvita ;

Kimeridze, Givi N. ;

Kurtanidze, Omar M. ;

Kurtanidze, Sofia O. ;

Lindfors, Elina ;

Molina, Sol N. ;

Morozova, Daria A. ;

Nieppola, Elina ;

Olmstead, Alice R. ;

Reinthal, Riho ;

Roca-Sogorb, Mar ;

Schmidt, Gary D. ;

Sigua, Lorand A. ;

Sillanpaa, Aimo ;

Takalo, Leo ;

Taylor, Brian ;

Tornikoski, Merja ;

Troitsky, Ivan S. ;

Zook, Alma C. ;

Wiesemeyer, Helmut .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2011, 735 (01)

[5] LOCATION OF γ-RAY FLARE EMISSION IN THE JET OF THE BL LACERTAE OBJECT OJ287 MORE THAN 14 pc FROM THE CENTRAL ENGINE [J].

Agudo, Ivan ;

Jorstad, Svetlana G. ;

Marscher, Alan P. ;

Larionov, Valeri M. ;

Gomez, Jose L. ;

Lahteenmaki, Anne ;

Gurwell, Mark ;

Smith, Paul S. ;

Wiesemeyer, Helmut ;

Thum, Clemens ;

Heidt, Jochen ;

Blinov, Dmitriy A. ;

D'Arcangelo, Francesca D. ;

Hagen-Thorn, Vladimir A. ;

Morozova, Daria A. ;

Nieppola, Elina ;

Roca-Sogorb, Mar ;

Schmidt, Gary D. ;

Taylor, Brian ;

Tornikoski, Merja ;

Troitsky, Ivan S. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2011, 726 (01)

[6] Search for correlations between the optical and radio polarization of active galactic nuclei - I. VLBA polarization data at 15+22+43GHz [J].

Algaba, J. C. ;

Gabuzda, D. C. ;

Smith, P. S. .

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2011, 411 (01) :85-101

[7] Implications of very rapid TeV variability in blazars [J].

Begelman, Mitchell C. ;

Fabian, Andrew C. ;

Rees, Martin J. .

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2008, 384 (01) :L19-L23

[8] RELATIVISTIC JETS AS COMPACT RADIO-SOURCES [J].

BLANDFORD, RD ;

KONIGL, A .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 1979, 232 (01) :34-48

[9] SMARTS OPTICAL AND INFRARED MONITORING OF 12 GAMMA-RAY BRIGHT BLAZARS [J].

Bonning, Erin ;

Urry, C. Megan ;

Bailyn, Charles ;

Buxton, Michelle ;

Chatterjee, Ritaban ;

Coppi, Paolo ;

Fossati, Giovanni ;

Isler, Jedidah ;

Maraschi, Laura .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2012, 756 (01)

[10] The γ-ray brightest days of the blazar 3C 454.3 [J].

Bonnoli, G. ;

Ghisellini, G. ;

Foschini, L. ;

Tavecchio, F. ;

Ghirlanda, G. .

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2011, 410 (01) :368-380

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 →