"One Belt and One Road" is China's major national development strategy in recent years. It has profound significance for the transformation and upgrading of China's economic structure, leading the new normal development of the national economy, opening wider to the outside world and promoting common development all the world. This strategy provides an opportunity for enterprises' foreign direct investment. By the end of 2016, total flows of outward foreign direct investment (FDI) by Chinese enterprises to the countries covered by "One Belt and One Road" reached $14.53 billion(excluding banking, securities, insurance), accounting for 8.5% of the total outward foreign direct investment flows. Therefore, the strategic choice for foreign direct investment is essential under the background of "One Belt and One Road". Based on the present situation of Chinese enterprises' external investment, this paper analyzes the choice of Chinese enterprises' foreign direct investment, including subject, method, location, direction, combining domestic and foreign theories. I hope it will be helpful for Chinese enterprises to direct investment abroad.