Ultra-high current density water management in polymer electrolyte fuel cell with porous metallic flow field

被引:41
作者
Srouji, A. K. [1 ,3 ]
Zheng, L. J. [2 ,3 ]
Dross, R. [4 ]
Turhan, A. [3 ]
Mench, M. M. [3 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16801 USA
[2] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16801 USA
[3] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Electrochem Energy Storage & Convers Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
[4] Nuvera Fuel Cells Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA
[5] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
基金
美国能源部;
关键词
Fuel cell; Water management; High current; Porous flow field; Dry out; Back diffusion; GAS-DIFFUSION MEDIA; MASS-TRANSPORT; PERFORMANCE; LAYER; MEMBRANES; BEHAVIOR; METHANOL; CATHODE; PEMFCS; MODEL;
D O I
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.03.145
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Anode dry-out is the main mechanism identified to limit operation in an open metallic element (OME) PEFC. The fundamental water transport mechanisms in the OME PEFC were examined in order to engineer further improved performance and higher temperature operation required for efficient heat rejection. Specifically, the net water drag (NWD) was measured over a range of conditions and analyzed with respect to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and performance. As the cell operating temperature was increased, the effect of back diffusion was reduced due to the diminishing liquid water content in the cathode catalyst layer, and at critical liquid water content, anode dry-out was triggered primarily through electro-osmotic drag. Addition of cathode humidity was shown to promote high temperature operation mostly due to improved water back diffusion. The same mechanism can be achieved by creating a pressure differential across the membrane, with higher pressure on the cathode side. Stable operation was demonstrated at 90 degrees C using a polymer electrolyte membrane. Real time NWD measurements during transient anodic dry-out conditions were consistent with gradual membrane dehydration. The trade-off between liquid water overshadowing cathode catalyst sites and its contribution in promoting back diffusion is a key factor in systems with anode dry-out limited operation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:433 / 442
页数:10
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