Plasma and Tissue Depletion of Florfenicol and Florfenicol-amine in Chickens

Chickens were used to investigate plasma disposition of florfenicol after single intravenous (i.v.) and oral dose (20 mg kg(-1) body weight) and to study residue depletion of florfenicol and its major metabolite florfenicol-amine, after multiple oral doses (40 mg kg(-1) body weight, daily for 3 days). Plasma and tissue samples were analyzed using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. After i.v. and oral administration, plasma concentration-time curves were best described by a two-compartment open model. The mean [standard deviation (SD)] elimination half-life (t(1)/(2)beta) of florfenicol in plasma was 7.90 +/- 0.48 and 8.34 +/- 0.64 h after i.v. and oral administration, respectively. The maximum plasma concentration was 10.23 +/- 1.67 mu g mL(-1), and the interval from oral administration until maximal concentration was 0.63 mu 0.07 h. Oral bioavailability was found to be 87 16%. Florfenicol was converted to florfenicol-amine. After multiple oral dose (40 mg kg-1 body weight, daily for 3 days), in kidney and liver, concentrations of florfenicol (1119.34 +/- 31.81 and 817.34 +/- 91.65 mu g kg(-1), respectively) and florfenicol-amine (60.67 +/- 13.05 and 48.50 +/- 13.07 mu g kg(-1), respectively) persisted for 7 days. The prolonged presence of residues of florfenicoi and florfenicol-amine in edible tissues can play an important role in human food safety, because the compounds could give rise to a possible health risk. A withdrawal time of 6 days was necessary to ensure that the residues of florfenicol were less than the maximal residue limits or tolerance established by the European Union.