Multi-energy coupling heating and cooling technology is of great significance to the establishment of an environmentally friendly society. In this study, the CCHP+PVCU+GSHP coupling model was used to obtain the optimal configuration scheme of the multi-energy heating and refrigeration system, which includes the cumulative energy supply ratio of the four subsystems throughout the year. We analyzed the hourly optimized operation strategy of the typical day in the heating season and the cooling season, and simulated the hourly mixed operation energy supply mode throughout the year. The contribution of renewable energy in terms of economy and environmental protection was verified through comparison with conventional energy supply methods. The results showed that: in terms of optimized configuration. the capacity configuration of the multi energy heating and cooling system that prioritizes natural gas energy is more balanced. The cumulative heating and cooling power of renewable energy increased from 17,270 kW to 20,881 kW. an overall increase of 20.9%. In terms of optimized operation strategies, the annual cumulative energy supply of natural gas and geothermal energy accounts for up to 70.5%, which is the main energy supply system for the multi-energy heating and cooling system. In the daily hourly power supply, the CCHP system needs to operate all day in the heating season, The average heating capacity is about 1,800 kW per hour, Among the five typical heating and cooling systems, the integrated multi-energy heating and cooling system of geothermal energy natural gas + solar energy has the best overall performance.