Study on flow field and measurement characteristics of a small-bore ultrasonic gas flow meter

A new structure is proposed for a DN25-type ultrasonic gas flow meter with a V-shape double sound channel arrangement. The flow field characteristics are analyzed including velocity curves for the four channel lines, velocity profiles for different cross-sections of the flow meter, and streamlines of the transducer channel sections. The metering characteristics of the flowmeter are measured using a Venturi nozzle device. When the pipeline flow rate is less than 2.26 m/s, the pipe installation does not have a significant effect on the velocity profile and the velocity in the channel lines. However, the error in the low-flow region is large, and the flow distortion directly affects the measurement accuracy. When an ultrasonic gas flow meter with an accuracy class of 1.5 is used with pipes containing a single or double bend upstream, the linear error doubles, low-flow error becomes a negative deviation, and reference error in the low-flow region becomes approximately 700%-949%. The installation structure of the first pair of transducers also affects the signal propagation of the transducers behind it. Therefore, it is critical to process the ultrasonic signal according to the flow field distribution and adopt different weighted algorithms to obtain accurate pipeline flow rates to improve the measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic flow meter.