A High Capacity Calcium Primary Cell Based on the Ca-S System

被引：96

作者：

See, Kimberly A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Gerbec, Jeffrey A. ^{[1
,3
]}

Jun, Young-Si ^{[1
,2
]}

Wudl, Fred ^{[1
,4
]}

Stucky, Galen D. ^{[1
,2
,4
]}

Seshadri, Ram ^{[1
,2
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mitsubishi Chem Ctr Adv Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[2] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[3] Mitsubishi Chem USA Inc, Chesapeake, VA 23320 USA

[4] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

来源：

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS | 2013年 / 3卷 / 08期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

calcium battery; conversion reaction; high capacity; primary; room temperature; RECHARGEABLE MG BATTERIES; LITHIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES; THIONYL CHLORIDE CELLS; MESOPOROUS SILICA; DISCHARGE PROCESS; PERFORMANCE; ELECTROLYTE; CATHODE; TEMPERATURE; BEHAVIOR;

D O I：

10.1002/aenm.201300160

中图分类号：

O64 [物理化学（理论化学）、化学物理学];

学科分类号：

070304 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Conversion reaction cells afford the ability to explore new energy storage paradigms that transcend the dogma of small, low-charge cations essential to intercalative processes. Here we report the use of earth-abundant and green calcium and sulfur in unprecedented conversion reaction Ca-S primary cells. Using S-infiltrated mesoporous carbon (abbreviated S@meso-C) cathodes, we achieve discharge capacities as high as 600 mAh g(-1) (S basis) within the geometry Ca|Ca(ClO4)(2)/CH3CN|S@meso-C, at a discharge rate of C/3.5. The electrolyte system in the Ca-S battery is of paramount importance as the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formed on the Ca anode limits the capacity and stability of the cell. We determine that 0.5 M Ca(ClO4)(2) in CH3CN forms an SEI that advantageously breaks down under anodic bias to allow oxidation of the anode. This same SEI, however, exhibits high impedance which increases over time at open circuit limiting the shelf life of the cell.

引用

页码：1056 / 1061

页数：6

共 30 条

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