Local Vibration Modes in Phosphorus-Doped ZnO Nanostructure

Flower-like phosphorus-doped ZnO nanostructure was grown on Si substrate by chemical vapour deposition method. The crystal structure and vibration modes of P-doped ZnO were investigated by X-Ray Diffraction and Raman spectrum, respectively. Two local vibration modes centred at 361 cm(-1) and 486 cm(-1) have been detected, suggesting significant incorporation of P atoms in both O sites and Zn sites, respectively. To explain the difference between the experimental frequency result and the calculated value based on the harmonic approximation, we intentionally introduce an average effective mass model which takes account of the defect structure of P-doped ZnO. Using the average effective masses model we obtained the calculated Raman shift of 366 cm(-1) and 483 cm(-1) for P-Zn and P-O pairs, respectively, which are consistent well with the experimental results.