This paper considers contemporary Western attitudes towards animals. Whilst many studies of human-animal relations look backwards to the inheritance of Aristotle, Aquinas, Descartes and others, this paper looks to the future. I want to suggest another batch of possibilities that may serve as resources for thinking about the apparent human-animal boundary. These possibilities include Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) / variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD), xenotransplantation and transgenic animals. (C) 2001 International Society for Anthrozoology.