Papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland: current controversies and management

Purpose of review To highlight recent advances in our understanding of the nature of micropapillary thyroid carcinoma (mPTC), its evaluation and options of management based on risk. Recent findings A dramatic increase of the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma has been reported worldwide during recent decades, specifically those smaller than 10mm (mPTC). Although not taking into consideration other risk factors for aggressiveness when describing tumours by their size, most of these newly diagnosed mPTC are indolent and active surveillance can be considered as valid option for their management. Summary An increasing number of patients with mPTC will be encountered in clinical practice. Although it is difficult to assess the aggressiveness of a tumour on size criteria, less than a total thyroidectomy and active surveillance can be considered for the majority of patients with mPTC. Further trials should be performed to prove this as a valid option of management in the majority of these patients.