Simultaneous placement of renewable DGs and protective devices for improving the loss, reliability and economic indices of distribution system with nonlinear load model

In this paper, the simultaneous placement of renewable distributed generation (DG) and protective devices are discussed in the distribution system with nonlinear load model. The load model is considered as a combination of various customers' daily load patterns and sensitive to voltage frequency. The considered DGs are wind turbine and photovoltaic. The breaker, relay and fuse are considered as protective devices. The objective functions of the problem consist of the active and reactive power loss, the reliability index and the profit of company of distribution system. The whale optimisation algorithm is used for multi-objective optimisation. Moreover, a method based on fuzzy set theory is employed to extract one of the Pareto-optimal solutions as the best compromise one. The proposed algorithm is implemented on the 69-bus distribution system and actual 101-bus distribution system in Khoy-Iran. The results indicate the high performance of the proposed method in improving the technical and economic indices of the network.